Original InvestigationClinical Effectiveness of CRT and ICD Therapy in Heart Failure Patients by Racial/Ethnic Classification: Insights From the IMPROVE HF Registry
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The IMPROVE HF registry and this study are supported by Medtronic, Inc. Outcome Sciences performed data abstraction and checks, stored site-specific and aggregate data, and provided benchmarked quality-of-care reports to participating sites with funding from Medtronic. This paper was submitted to Medtronic prior to submission for publication, and all authors have read and agreed to the written content. Dr. Ziaeian’s brother is a clinical specialist for Biotronik. Dr. Zhang is an employee of Medtronic, Inc. Dr. Curtis has received research honoraria from Medtronic, Inc. and St. Jude Medical; and has served on the advisory board of Sanofi-Aventis, St. Jude Medical, Biosense Webster, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Bristol-Myers-Squibb, Pfizer, Inc., and Daiichi Sankyo. Dr. Mehra has served as a consultant to Thoratec, Medtronic, Inc., Johnson & Johnson, St. Jude Medical, Boston Scientific, and Abbott Vascular; has received grants/research support from the National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and American Board of Internal Medicine; and serves as editor-in-chief of the Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation. Dr. Gheorghiade has served as a consultant to Abbott Laboratories, Astellas, AstraZeneca, Bayer Schering Pharma AG, CorThera, Inc., Cytokinetics, Inc., DebioPharm SA, Errekappa Terapeutici, GlaxoSmithKline, Johnson & Johnson, Medtronic, Inc., Merck, Novartis Pharma AG, Otsuka Pharmaceuticals, Pericor Therapeutics, Protein Design Laboratories, Sanofi-Aventis, Sigma Tau, Solvay Pharmaceuticals, and Takeda. Dr. Heywood has received research grants from Biosite, Medtronic, Inc., and St. Jude Medical; has served on the Speaker’s Bureau of or received honoraria from GlaxoSmithKline, Medtronic, AstraZeneca, Novartis, Actelion, St. Jude Medical, Otsuka, Biotronik, and Boston Scientific; and has served as a consultant to or on the advisory board of Emerge, Medtronic, Inc., Biotronik, and Actelion. Dr. O’Connor has served as a consultant to Forest, Medtronic, Inc., Amgen, Medpace, Impulse Dynamics, Actelion, Cytokinetics, Roche, and Trevena. Dr. Reynolds has received research grants from Medtronic and Biotronik; has served on the Speakers' Bureau of Medtronic and Sorin; and has served as a consultant to Medtronic. Dr. Walsh has served on the scientific advisory board for United HealthCare; and has served as a consultant to Eli Lilly, United HealthCare, and Novartis. Dr. Fonarow has received research support from the National Institutes of Health and AHRQ; and has served as a consultant to Medtronic, Novartis, Johnson & Johnson, Takeda, The Medicines Company, and Gambro. Drs. Albert and Yancy have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.