ReportGadolinium deposition in nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy
Section snippets
Case report
A 68-year-old white female presented to the Vanderbilt University Dermatology Clinic in June 2006 with a 3-week history of thickened skin on her extremities which began as painful soft tissue swellings and rapidly became indurated. Her past history was significant for chronic hepatitis C infection–induced hepatic failure for which she received a liver transplant in 1995. Cyclosporine therapy–induced renal failure necessitated hemodialysis in January 2006. Three weeks later she underwent an
Discussion
NFD is a recently described entity occurring almost exclusively in patients undergoing hemodialysis for end stage renal disease (ESRD); while the instance is rare, patients have developed this condition while performing peritoneal dialysis.2 Beginning as swelling of the hands and feet, the skin becomes progressively thickened with a peau d'orange appearance.5 This progression appears to proceed at a variable rate, with some patients describing rapid advancement of the indurated areas while
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2020, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North AmericaCitation Excerpt :The resultant free Gd activates macrophages and circulating fibrocytes, leading to aberrant collagen deposition in connective tissues.22,56 Fibrotic changes resulting from this collagen deposition have been seen in many tissues, but contractures in affected skin and muscle tissues primarily responsible for adverse symptoms, including swelling, tightening, and thickening of the skin and loss of joint flexibility.55,56,65 NSF is extremely uncommon, with approximately 613 verified cases reported to date and limited to a patient population with significant renal impairment.66
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Conflicts of interest: None identified.
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