Isolation, structure and activity of a novel water-soluble polysaccharide from Dioscorea opposita Thunb
Introduction
Dioscorea opposita Thunb (D. opposita), a perennial twining vine plant (family: Dioscoreaceae, Dioscorea), is an edible and traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM) plant [1]. Its tubers are often used to treat poor appetite, chronic diarrhea, asthma, dry coughs, frequent or uncontrollable urination and diabetes [2]. The polysaccharides of D. opposita are considered to be the main active components. Accordingly, D. opposita has become a research topic of interest in recent years [3]. Existing research shows that the polysaccharides of D. opposita have many other therapeutic effects, such as anti-aging [4,5], immunoregulation [6,7], antioxidation [8,9], anti-fatigue [10], hypoglycemic activity [11,12], blood pressure suppressor [13,14], anti-tumor [15] and intestinal microecology modulation [16].
To date, most studies on D. opposita have examined the activities of crude extracts, and low molecular weight substances, such as diosgenin, trace elements, alkaloids, allantoin and dopamine [3,17,18]. However, due to the complexity of structural and compositional analysis of polysaccharides, little progress has been made on the isolation, purification and activity analysis of the water-soluble polysaccharides from D. opposita [[18], [19], [20], [21]]. Since the structure and functions of polysaccharides are closely related, in-depth study of such structures are needed. Therefore, the aim of this work was to isolate and characterize the structure as well as activity of a novel water-soluble polysaccharide, DOTP-B, from the roots of D. opposita.
Section snippets
Materials and chemicals
The roots of Dioscorea opposita Thunb, was collected from Wenxian, Henan province, China. It was identified and authenticated by Dr. Huzhigang, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine. The voucher specimen was deposited in the Department Museum. The roots were air dried and ground into a fine powder in a mill.
DEAE-cellulose DE-52 was purchased from BOMEI BIOTECHNOLOGY.CO (Hefei, China). Dextrans of different molecular weights and pure monosaccharide standards were obtained
Isolation and purification of the polysaccharide
In summary, 108.0 g of water-soluble crude polysaccharide, named DOTPs, was isolated from 1.8 kg of dried roots powder of D. opposite, with a yield of 6.0%. DOTPs were purified after employing DEAE-cellulose 52 and Amicon Ultra-15 ml Centrifugal Filter Units (10 kDa and 3 kDa). The DOTP-B fraction was collected and lyophilized with a yield of 0.76 ± 0.09% for further analysis of structure and antioxidant activity. Remarkably, DOTP-B showed a single and symmetrical peak on HPGPC (Fig. 1),
Conclusion
In this study, a purified polysaccharide from the roots of D. opposite Thunb (DOTP-B) was isolated using DEAE cellulose and Amicon Ultra-15 ml Centrifugal Filter Units. HPGPC analysis and GC–MS analysis demonstrated that DOTP-B was characterized as a homopolysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 5623 Da and consisted of glucose and galactose at a molar ratio of 14.6:1.0. Structural analysis demonstrated that DOTP-B has a backbone made of →4)-α-d-Glcp(1 → and →6)-β-d-Galp(1 → (14:1)
Acknowledgements
This study is financially supported by the Research Fund of the Major Projects of Technology Innovation of Department of Science and Technology, Hubei Province (Grant No. 2016ACA145), which is gratefully acknowledged.
Author contributions
Fei Zhi performed the chemical experiments, analyzed the structure characteristics and preparation of the manuscript; Tian-Le Yang and Qiang Wang extracted the crude polysaccharide and purified the polysaccharide; Bin Jiang developed the NMR experiment and conducted the data analysis; Zhong-Ping Wang and Jing Zhang performed the antioxidant activity experiments and conducted the data analysis; Yun-Zhong Chen designed the whole experiments and revised the paper.
Declaration of conflicts of interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Availability of data statement
All data included in this study are available upon request by contact with the corresponding author.
References (45)
- et al.
Immune cell stimulating activity of mucopolysaccharide isolated from yam (Dioscorea batatas)
Ethnopharmacology
(2004) - et al.
Structural features and immunological activity of a polysaccharide from Dioscorea opposita, Thunb roots
Carbohydr. Polym.
(2005) - et al.
Antioxidant Chinese yam polysaccharides and its pro-proliferative effect on endometrial epithelial cells
Int. J. Biol. Macromol.
(2014) - et al.
Structural features and immunological activity of a polysaccharide from Dioscorea opposita Thunb roots
Carbohydr. Polym.
(2005) - et al.
Antioxidant Chinese yam polysaccharides and its pro-proliferative effect on endometrial epithelial cells
Int. J. Biol. Macromol.
(2014) - et al.
Non-starch polysaccharide from Chinese yam activated RAW 264.7 macrophages through the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-NF-κB signaling pathway
J. Funct. Foods
(2017) - et al.
Polysaccharides from hot water extracts of roasted Coffea arabica, beans: isolation and characterization
Carbohydr. Polym.
(1999) - et al.
Mass spectrometry of partially methylated alditol acetates
Carbohydr. Res.
(1967) - et al.
et al., Structural characterisation, physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of polysaccharide from Lilium Lancifolium thumb
Food Chem.
(2015) Structural characterization of a new water-soluble polysaccharide isolated from Acanthophyllum acerosum roots and its antioxidant activity
Int. J. Biol. Macromol.
(2018)
Vibrational spectra of carbohydrates
Adv. Carbohydr. Chem. Biochem.
Preparation, characterization, antioxidant activity and protective effect against cellular oxidative stress of polysaccharide from Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight
Int. J. Biol. Macromol.
Isolation, structural characterization and antioxidant activity of a new water-soluble polysaccharide from Acanthophyllum bracteatum roots
Int. J. Biol. Macromol.
Reviews on mechanisms of in vitro antioxidant activity of polysaccharides
Oxidative Med. Cell. Longev.
Characterization, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of polysaccharides from Ilex latifolia Thunb
Carbohydr. Polym.
Structural characterization, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of polysaccharides from Sophorae tonkinensis Radix
Carbohydr. Polym.
Relevance of molecular weight of chitosan and its derivatives and their antioxidant activities in vitro
Bioorg. Med. Chem.
Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China
Research advances on chemical compositions and bioactivities of Dioscorea opposite Thumb. (Chinese yam)
Food Research & Development
The antiaging effects of water-soluble polysaccharide from Rhizoma Dioscoreae opposite on mice
Progress in Pharmaceutical Sciences
Research progress of the bioactivity and analytical method of polysaccharide in Dioscorea batatas Decene
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
Regulation of immune function by polysaccharide (RDPS-1) from Chinese yam
ACTA Nutrimenta SINICA
Cited by (42)
Research progress on the structure, derivatives, pharmacological activity, and drug carrier capacity of Chinese yam polysaccharides: A review
2024, International Journal of Biological MacromoleculesIsolation, purification, characterization and immunomodulatory effects of polysaccharides from Dictyophora rubrovalvata waste
2023, Industrial Crops and ProductsFree radical-mediated extraction of polysaccharides from Gelidium amansii and their modulation on abnormal glycometabolism in Caenorhabditis elegans
2023, International Journal of Biological MacromoleculesA multivariate perspective on the stability of oat-based drinks assessed by spectroscopy
2022, Food HydrocolloidsCitation Excerpt :The principal component 1 (PC 1, 60.73% explained variance) (Fig. 3A) showed the variability based on the addition of β-glucanase, which correlates with the product's thickness. The loadings (Fig. 3D) indicates that PC 1 mainly described the variability within the fingerprint region (1200-900 cm−1), with the prominent peaks at 1024 and 1151 cm−1, which corresponds to the pyranose structure of the carbohydrates (Zhi et al., 2019). Hydrolysed β-glucan chains by the addition of β-glucanase lead to more exposed and thus pronounced signals of β -glucan with high PC 1 scores.