The emergence of HIV resistance and new antiretrovirals: are we winning?

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Abstract

The 11th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections was held on February 8–11, 2004 in San Francisco, CA and presented a wealth of new information on viral resistance and on new agents in preclinical and clinical development. In this Perspective, highlights from the conference and their clinical implications will be discussed.

Section snippets

HIV drug resistance

This topic was discussed at the 11th CROI in two different oral sessions. In addition, excellent posters were presented on this subject on this same day. Highlights are as follows.

New antiretroviral agents

The conference also featured important papers on new and investigational drugs. These compounds are being developed either because they are directed against novel targets or because they have resistance profiles that may inhibit the replication of viruses containing drug resistance mutations in the viral reverse transcriptase and/or protease genes.

Conclusions

Resistance to every HIV drug class is clearly emerging and, alarmingly, transmission sometimes involves resistant strains that can cripple the effectiveness of combination chemotherapy. However, new agents, not cross-resistant with existing drugs, are being developed on a regular basis. This affords hope to patients who harbor viruses resistant to a variety of currently approved products. Whether the discovery of new agents keep resistance at bay in the future is of obvious concern given the

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