Cell Host & Microbe
Volume 30, Issue 6, 8 June 2022, Pages 863-874.e4
Journal home page for Cell Host & Microbe

Clinical and Translational Report
Impact of a 7-day homogeneous diet on interpersonal variation in human gut microbiomes and metabolomes

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2022.05.003Get rights and content
Under an Elsevier user license
open archive

Highlights

  • Diet homogeneity did not decrease inter-individual variability in uremic MDMs

  • Homogeneous diet results in reduction of interpersonal variation in hippuric acid

  • Host identity and age, but not diet, are dominant contributors to variability in MDMs

Summary

Gut microbiota metabolism of dietary compounds generates a vast array of microbiome-dependent metabolites (MDMs), which are highly variable between individuals. The uremic MDMs (uMDMs) phenylacetylglutamine (PAG), p-cresol sulfate (PCS), and indoxyl sulfate (IS) accumulate during renal failure and are associated with poor outcomes. Targeted dietary interventions may reduce toxic MDM generation; however, it is unclear if inter-individual differences in diet or gut microbiome dominantly contribute to MDM variance. Here, we use a 7-day homogeneous average American diet to standardize dietary precursor availability in 21 healthy individuals. During dietary homogeneity, the coefficient of variation in PAG, PCS, and IS (primary outcome) did not decrease, nor did inter-individual variation in most identified metabolites; other microbiome metrics showed no or modest responses to the intervention. Host identity and age are dominant contributors to variability in MDMs. These results highlight the potential need to pair dietary modification with microbial therapies to control MDM profiles.

Keywords

microbiome
uremic solutes
microbiome-dependent metabolites
dietary intervention
precision medicine

Data and code availability

All sequencing data has been deposition to the NCBI Sequence Read Archive under project PRJNA776530 and are publicly available as of the date of the publication. Accession numbers are listed in the key resources table.

All original code has been deposited at Zenodo and is publicly available as of the date of publication. DOIs are listed in the key resources table.

Any additional information required to reanalyze the data reported in this work paper is available from the lead contact upon request.

Cited by (0)

9

Lead contact