Archival ReportComparative Multimodal Meta-analysis of Structural and Functional Brain Abnormalities in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Section snippets
Study Selection
A comprehensive literature search was conducted by COC, LJN, and SSL for papers published up to December 2015 for whole-brain imaging studies using VBM or fMRI of inhibitory control in pediatric and adult ASD and OCD subjects (using stop, go/no-go, Simon, Stroop, Eriksen flanker, or switching tasks). For details and search terms see the Supplement. Studies meeting the following criteria were included: 1) comparison with a control group; 2) for fMRI, use of a task investigating inhibitory
Included Studies
Included were 32 VBM studies comparing ASD individuals to control subjects (ASD = 911; control = 932), 30 VBM studies comparing OCD patients to control subjects (OCD = 928; control = 942), 12 inhibitory control fMRI studies comparing ASD patients to control subjects (ASD = 188; control = 196), and 14 fMRI studies comparing OCD patients to control subjects (OCD = 247; control = 244) (Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, Table 4; Supplement).
Group Differences in Demographics
Across all studies, patients were age- and sex-matched to control
Discussion
This first comparative multimodal meta-analysis of imaging studies of ASD and OCD shows both shared and disorder-specific abnormalities in brain structure and function during inhibitory control. Given group differences in age and sex distribution in the included studies, only findings that survived age- and sex-matched subgroup meta-analyses are discussed.
Both disorders shared decreased volume and inhibitory activation in r/dACC/MPFC relative to control subjects. The most prominent
Acknowledgments and Disclosures
COC is supported by a National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre Ph.D. studentship and a King’s College London overseas graduate award. LJN and SSL are supported by Medical Research Council and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience Ph.D. Excellence awards. The study was supported by an MRC Career Establishment grant (Grant No. G0300155 to KR) and by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley
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