A review of the Tinocallis Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on the Korean peninsula, with description of one new species
Graphical abstract
Introduction
The genus Tinocallis Matsumura, 1919 is the second largest genus within the tribe Panaphidini (Aphididae: Calaphidinae) with nineteen species of four subgenera, Eotinocallis Quednau, 2003, Orientinocallis Quednau, 2003, Sappocallis Matsumura, 1919, and Tinocallis Matsumura, 1919 (Favret, 2013, Quednau, 2001). Most species of this genus have been described from South-east Asian region (Blackman and Eastop, 2017). However, some of these species: T. (S.) saltans, T. (S.) takachihoensis, T. (T.) ulmiparvifoliae and T. (T.) zelkowae have been introduced to other part of the world (Blackman and Eastop, 2017, Foottit et al., 2006, Quednau and Shaposhnikov, 1988). The species of this genus are monoecious and usually associated with host plants belonging to the family Ulmaceae, although some species have been described from host plants belonging to Betulaceae, Fabaceae, Lythraceae, Juglandaceae, Sapindaceae and Sonneratiaceae (Blackman and Eastop, 2017, Quednau, 2003). Such a wide host plant range is unusual for the subfamily Calaphidinae (Quednau, 2001). All adult viviparae are alate, apterous oviparae and alate males being produced according to seasonal change (Quednau, 2003). The majority of Tinocallis species have conspicuous morphological characteristics. However, considerable seasonal variation of body pigmentation and number of secondary sensoria have caused confusion resulting in misidentification of species (Quednau, 2001).
In the Korean Peninsula, five Tinocallis species have been recorded until now (Quednau and Lee, 2001). Paik, 1966, Paik, 1972 recorded T. (T.) zelkowae (Takahashi, 1919), T. (S.) saltans (Nevsky, 1929), and then T. (T.) ulmiparviforliae (Matsumura, 1919), and T. (S.) ulmicola (Matsumura, 1919) were recorded from North Korea by Quednau (1979). Lastly, Park and Ahn (1994) recorded T. (S.) takachihoensis Higuchi, 1972. From 1999 to 2014, we had collected a large number of Tinocallis samples in South Korea and examined them together with museum specimens of Tinocallis collected in North Korea from 1985 to 1988. Based on morphological examination, we recognized a total of eight species in the Korean Peninsula, adding one new species, T. (T.) latifoliae sp. nov. collected on Zelkova serrata var. latifolia and two previously unrecorded species: T. mushensis (Takahashi, 1925) and T. viridis (Takahashi, 1929) collected on Z. serrata var. japonica. In this paper, diagnostic notes, illustrations and species key to the alate viviparae of the eight species are provided. Description of the new species is also represented.
Section snippets
Materials and methods
Aphid samples were collected in South Korea from 1999 to 2014. Samples were preserved in 90% ethanol for a month, and then mounted in Canada balsam, following the method of Blackman and Eastop (2000) and Martin (1983). Illustrations for each species were taken by a digital camera attached to a microscope (Leica 400B, Leica Microsystems, Germany) at a resolution of 600 dpi. Measurements for each specimen are taken from the digital images by using image analysis software (Active Measure ver.
Systematics
Genus Tinocallis Matsumura, 1919
Tinocallis Matsumura, 1919: 100.
Lutaphis Shinji, 1924: 346.
Type species: Tinocallis ulmiparvifoliae Matsumura, 1919.
Diagnosis. This genus can be recognized by having narrow transversely elongated or slit-like secondary sensoria on Ant.III, AbdT.III, V and VII with laterally-displaced spinal dorsal setae and abdominal dorsum usually with fingerlike tubercles.
Host plants. Betulaceae, Fabaceae, Lythraceae, Juglandaceae, Sapindaceae, Sonneratiaceae and Ulmaceae (
Acknowledgements
We are grateful to Hyoseok Lee for his great support and help particularly collecting samples with Yerim Lee. We thanks to the effort of Gwanseok Lee (NAAS) for specimen loan. This work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea (NIBR201601203) and the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education and Science (
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