MiscellaneousAssociations of Sex Hormones With Surface Electrocardiogram J Point Amplitude in Healthy Volunteers
Section snippets
Methods
Healthy participants were recruited from advertisements approved by the Northwestern University Institutional Review Board at multiple sites including Northwestern University primary care physician offices and by newspaper ads. The screening protocol consisted of a single office visit after a baseline telephone screening history for 638 healthy male and female volunteers. A history and physical examination was performed to exclude previous or active heart disease, history of heart disease,
Results
A total of 638 volunteers were screened. One hundred sixty-three subjects were excluded from the analyses, leaving 475 subjects included in the analyses. Volunteers were excluded for the following reasons: 81 volunteers for a history of cardiovascular problems, taking excluded medications, abnormal physical examination, or baseline ECG abnormalities; 94 women for being partially or completely surgically sterile, perimenopausal, or postmenopausal. Note that exclusion criteria were not mutually
Discussion
In our study, a population of healthy volunteers without heart disease, age, BMI, E2, free testosterone, and testosterone levels were shown to be associated with JPA. Previous cross-sectional studies have demonstrated an association between total testosterone levels and electrocardiographic findings at the J point. In a recently published analysis of over 2,700 healthy Finnish men, an association of testosterone with JPA and early repolarization patterns was highlighted.3 This study defined
Acknowledgment
The authors greatly appreciate the assistance with sex hormone testing from our colleagues at Boston University's Steroid Hormone Assay Laboratory.
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