Coronary Artery DiseaseUsefulness of an Echocardiographic Composite Cardiac Calcium Score to Predict Death in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease (from the Heart and Soul Study)
Section snippets
Methods
The Heart and Soul Study is a prospective cohort study of outpatients with stable CAD.
The enrollment process for the Heart and Soul Study has been previously described.17 We used administrative databases to identify outpatients with documented CAD at 2 departments of the Veterans Affairs (San Francisco and Palo Alto, California), the University of California, San Francisco, and 9 public health clinics from the Community Health Network of San Francisco.
Participants were eligible to participate
Results
A total of 595 participants were included in the analysis. Moderate or severe calcific deposit was observed in the aortic valve in 147 participants (prevalence of 29.3%), followed by the aortic root (125 participants, prevalence of 23.8%) and the left main coronary artery (66 participants, prevalence of 12.4%). Moderate or severe calcific deposits on the mitral annulus were seen in 64 participants (prevalence of 10.8%). A total of 307 participants had a composite calcium score of 0, 176 had a
Discussion
To our knowledge, this is the first report that describes a comprehensive, semiquantitative, composite cardiac calcium score that includes multiple relevant sites of calcium deposition as seen on a conventional 2D TTE study and shows that moderate-to-severe calcific deposition at ≥2 discrete sites (corresponding to a composite cardiac calcium score of ≥2) is independently associated with mortality in patients with CAD. Indeed, it is well known that cardiac calcification occurs in a nonuniform
Disclosures
The Heart and Soul Study supported by grants from the Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC (Epidemiology Merit Review Program), grant R01HL079235 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Princeton, NJ (Generalist Physician Faculty Scholars Program), the American Federation for Aging Research, New York, NY (Paul Beeson Faculty Scholars in Aging Research Program), the Ischemia Research and Education Foundation, South San
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