Preventive cardiologyComparison of Cardiovascular Risk Factors for High Brachial Pulse Pressure in Blacks Versus Whites (Charleston Heart Study, Evans County Study, NHANES I and II Studies)
Section snippets
Methods
Participants were from 4 major epidemiologic studies in the United States (26,083 subjects) that at baseline examination had no history or clinical evidence of CHD.
Results
Table 1 presents age, diabetes mellitus, smoking, obesity, and high cholesterol by brachial PP category for whites, blacks, and the races combined. Age was associated with increasing PP for both race groups. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus, obesity, and high cholesterol each increased significantly with PP for both race groups. Cigarette smoking was inversely related to PP for both whites and blacks. Blacks were more likely to have diagnosed diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of obesity was
Discussion
The media of the aorta and large arteries is often altered by atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis in some cases may be a contributing factor to aortic stiffness and wide brachial PP. If atherosclerosis is present, the atheroma is most pronounced immediately adjacent and extending into the inner portion of the media, and it may amplify stiffening of the aorta.6, 7 This condition leads to degeneration of elastic tissue, eventual loss of interstitial glucosaminoglycans, and accumulation of collagen
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Cited by (20)
Ethnic Difference in Proximal Aortic Stiffness: An Observation From the Dallas Heart Study
2017, JACC: Cardiovascular ImagingTreatment of hypertension in patients with coronary artery disease: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and American Society of Hypertension
2015, Journal of the American College of CardiologyCitation Excerpt :Epidemiological data show that lower BP levels are associated with lower disease risks, suggesting that future coronary events can be prevented by reducing BP (10). Elevated BP represents a substantial population-attributable risk for men and women, both black and white (11,12). The risk of CVD in the patient with hypertension has been shown to be greatly reduced with effective antihypertensive therapy.
Treatment of hypertension in patients with coronary artery disease: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and American Society of Hypertension
2015, Journal of the American Society of HypertensionCitation Excerpt :Epidemiological data show that lower BP levels are associated with lower disease risks, suggesting that future coronary events can be prevented by reducing BP.10 Elevated BP represents a substantial population-attributable risk for men and women, both black and white.11,12 The risk of CVD in the patient with hypertension has been shown to be greatly reduced with effective antihypertensive therapy.
Racial differences in hypertension: Implications for high blood pressure management
2014, American Journal of the Medical SciencesCitation Excerpt :The risk ratios are significant for all but are greater for black men and women. Likewise, the risk ratios are higher in the more severe blood pressure levels for all 4 race-sex groups with higher risks for black men and women compared with white men and women.3,29 The disparities of higher prevalence and greater risks from high blood pressure are most evident with the population attributable risks, which are nearly twice as great for black men and women (Table 2).
Is the cardiovascular health of South Africans today comparable with African Americans 45 years ago?
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This work was supported in part by the Black Pooling Project, National Institutes of Health Grant 1R01HL072377, Bethesda, Maryland.