Regular articleFeeling-of-knowing in episodic memory: an event-related fMRI study
Section snippets
Participants
Participants were 17 right-handed, native speakers of English (10 men; ages 18–26 years), with normal or corrected-to-normal vision. Participants received $50 for participation. Informed consent was obtained in a manner approved by the Human Studies Committee of the Massachusetts General Hospital.
Stimuli and cognitive task
Stimuli consisted of 900 nouns selected from the “concrete” items used in an earlier event-related fMRI study (Wagner et al., 1998). Five lists of 180 items, matched for frequency and length, were used
Behavioral data
The distribution of trials across the six response types (see Materials and methods) is presented in Table 1. Almost half of the studied items (46%) were given a DK response during cued recall; the remainder of the responses were fairly evenly divided between FOK (29%) and K (25%). Accuracy during the subsequent recognition test differed significantly between the three cued-recall response types: accuracy was the highest for trials that had been previously given a K response (91%), intermediate
Discussion
This study represents the first event-related fMRI investigation of graded recall success in episodic memory, utilizing FOK in addition to the standard successful and unsuccessful retrieval outcomes.
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