Paint and coatings: A mature industry in transition

Abstract

In order to fully comprehend the emphasis given by the paint and coatings industry to develop new coating technologies, one must first understand the overall infrastructure of this industry and the impetus behind the industry's willingness to change. This article provides this understanding by describing the paint and coatings industry in terms of market categories and geographic areas, as well as highlighting several consumer expectations and concerns. The various technological solutions, namely, reformulation/abatement and “compliant” coatings, that address the changing tides of the world economy are discussed in the context of their advantages/disadvantages, composition, and cure chemistry. Specific areas in high solids (solventborne) coatings, waterborne coatings, UV radiation curable coatings, and powder coatings that are ripe for future innovations and further development are described. Finally, the structure and reactivity associated with the alkyd, polyester, acrylic, amino, epoxy, and polyurethane resins commonly used in paint and coating formulations are discussed with specific emphasis towards preparation, performance, and cure reactions.