Elsevier

Tetrahedron Letters

Volume 38, Issue 8, 24 February 1997, Pages 1455-1458
Tetrahedron Letters

Short synthesis of (±)-hirsutine: Direct addition of dimethyl malonate anion to a 1,4-conjugate iminium salt of appropriate 3-ethylindolo[2,3-a]quinolizidine

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(97)00056-7Get rights and content

Abstract

Direct addition of dimethyl malonate anion to a 1,4-conjugate iminium salt of 3-ethylindolo[2,3-a]quinolizidine4a (regenerated from the corresponding α-aminonitrile 4b) afforded enamine 5. Catalytic hydrogenation of compound 5 led stereoselectively to compound 6 (pseudo), which is the highly desired intermediate for the preparation of several Corynanthé alkaloids, including (±)-hirsutine 7.

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    Even today after more than 160 years, the three-component Strecker synthesis as well as the direct hydrocyanation of imines (a modified version of the Strecker reaction) remains as a very popular and significant tool in the synthesis of diverse synthetic drugs such as anti-platelet agent clopidogrel (Plavix),28 opoid analgesic 4-anilidopiperidine-based drugs (carfentanil, remifentanil and alfentanil)29–31 or the anti-HIV agent DPC 083.32 Strecker intermediates are successfully used also in the synthesis of numerous pharmaceutically important indole alkaloids like reserpine,33 hirsutine34 or eburnamonine,35 which can act as potent antihypertensive agents (Fig. 2). The above examples show that α-amino nitriles are important, versatile building blocks in heterocyclic chemistry, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals, and suitable prototypes for modern drug research and development.

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