Joule
PerspectiveFluorinated Solid-Electrolyte Interphase in High-Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries
Context & Scale
Li-ion batteries have been the vital power sources for portable electronics and emerge into electric vehicles (EVs) and grid applications. The energy density of the state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries using graphite anodes are approaching the theoretical limit. However, it still cannot meet the increasing requirements from the society, and new battery systems are urgently needed. In this regard, rechargeable Li-metal batteries are revived and attracted intensive attention for their high energy density. However, practical Li-metal batteries have been hindered by unstable interfacial issues, which induces the formation and growth of Li dendrites and then short lifespan and safety concerns during repeated cycles. The interfacial design is critical for promoting practical Li-metal batteries, and key progress has been achieved. In recent years, fluorinated interphase emerges as a promising strategy to regulate the behaviors of Li deposition and then enhance the stability and safety of Li-metal batteries. In this perspective, current fundamental understanding and key progress of fluorinated interphase in high-voltage Li-metal batteries are highlighted. The perspectives on future directions and guidance for better solid-electrolyte interphase design in practical Li-metal batteries are presented.