Modeling neuronal polarization in realistic head geometry by conventional and high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation

Abstract

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has broad potential as an inexpensive, painless, and noninvasive technique to modulate brain activity for numerous research and clinical applications, but its mechanisms are still unclear. Several different electrode configurations have been developed to achieve greater focality, guided primarily by computational models of electric field distributions. However, the effects of these fields on cellular polarization have been less explored, especially