Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging
Archival ReportRetention of Value Representations Across Time in People With Schizophrenia and Healthy Control Subjects
Section snippets
Participants
Forty-four outpatients meeting DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (SZ group) and 28 demographically similar healthy control subjects (HC group) participated in the study. Subjects in the SZ group had been on a stable medication regimen for at least 4 weeks and were considered clinically stable at the time of testing. Patients were recruited from the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center and from local outpatient psychiatric clinics.
The HC group subjects were recruited
Results
Figure 1 shows test/transfer phase performance at both immediate and 1-week delay. Both groups showed surprisingly high levels of retention for previously optimal stimuli at week-long delay. Unexpectedly, test-pair percent retention, relative to immediate performance, was similar for the HC and SZ groups (88.2% for HC group; 86.2% for the SZ group; t70 = 0.52, p = .61) (Figure 1A). Percent retention for transfer pairs was also similar between groups (t70 = −0.25, p = .81) (Figure 1B). Results
Discussion
We document several important findings from both basic and clinical science perspectives. We show robust percent retention of RL over a 1-week delay interval. This was true across groups. While strong long-term retention of action-outcome contingencies is well documented (49, 50, 51), particularly in the motor and procedural learning literatures, remarkably little evidence of such effects has been provided using choice-based, RL paradigms in human participants (42). The current result addresses
Acknowledgments and Disclosures
This work was supported National Institute of Mental Health Grant No. R01 MH080066 (to JMG).
We thank the study participants who generously gave their time to complete the study protocol. We also thank Sharon August, M.A.; Leeka Hubzin, M.A.; Jacqueline Kiwanuka, M.B.A.; and Dhivya Pahwa, B.A., for their contributions to the study.
JAW, JMG, and MJF report that they perform consulting for Hoffman La Roche. JMG has also consulted for Takeda and Lundbeck and receives royalty payments from the Brief
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