F55. An Image-Based Meta-Analysis of Successful and Failed Stopping in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Using Statistical Parametric Maps

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Background

Patients with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) often demonstrate abnormal brain functioning during the stop signal task, although previous work has typically used small samples thereby limiting conclusions.

Methods

A preliminary image-based meta-analysis (n=834) comparing patients with ADHD (n=379; age range= 8-50 years, 269 males) and controls (n=455; age range=8-50 years, 273 males) on the stop signal task was performed using Seed-based d Mapping. The protocol was registered with Prospero (CRD42018095365).

Results

Groups did not differ according to mean stop-signal reaction time (d=0.24 p=.11). During successful stopping, patients with ADHD showed underactivation in left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and left amygdala as well as in bilateral thalamus and inferior frontal gyrus. Reduced deactivation was observed in precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). During failed stopping, patients showed underactivation in dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and left IFG/OFC/anterior insula as well as reduced

Conclusions

A lack of performance differences may be due to pre-scan practice sessions and the removal from some studies of poorly performing subjects. During successful and failed stopping, patients with ADHD showed reduced activation in predominantly left-sided salience network in conjunction with reduced deactivation in bilateral basal ganglia and posterior default mode network. Underactivation in the left amygdala aligns with recent mega-analysis findings of relatively reduced amygdala gray matter

Supported By

NIMH ROI1

Keywords

ADHD, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Adolescence, Meta-Analysis, Brain Imaging

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