Rationale for Pulmonary Vaccine Delivery: Formulation and Device Considerations

doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-39981-4.00019-1

Micro and Nanotechnology in Vaccine Development

Micro and Nano Technologies

2017, Pages 357-371

Micro and Nanotechnology in Vaccine Development

https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-39981-4.00019-1 Get rights and content

Abstract

Delivery of vaccines via the pulmonary route has been shown to induce mucosal and systemic immunity. In addition, these important disease prevention and control agents can be formulated and administered as dry powders, which can overcome the cold-chain and medical personnel requirements. Furthermore, vaccines can be formulated within particulate delivery systems, allowing for enhanced interaction, targeting, and uptake with antigen presenting cells and initiating an enhanced immune response. This chapter outlines the rationale and challenges of targeting the lung antigen presenting cells to initiate an immune response, micro- and nanoparticulate delivery systems with focus on engineering dry powders for inhalation, and pulmonary devices for administration. In addition, some recent case studies are presented, indicating the rationale for pulmonary vaccine delivery compared with other routes of delivery and the importance of device design in pulmonary vaccine administration.

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Cited by (12)

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The development of vaccines has always been an essential task worldwide since vaccines are regarded as powerful weapons in protecting the global population. Although the vast majority of currently authorized human vaccinations are administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously, exploring novel routes of immunization has been a prominent area of study in recent years. This is particularly relevant in the face of pandemic diseases, such as COVID-19, where respiratory immunization offers distinct advantages, such as inducing systemic and mucosal responses to prevent viral infections in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts and also leading to higher patient compliance. However, the development of respiratory vaccines confronts challenges due to the physiological barriers of the respiratory tract, with most of these vaccines still in the research and development stage. In this review, we detail the structure of the respiratory tract and the mechanisms of mucosal immunity, as well as the obstacles to respiratory vaccination. We also examine the considerations necessary in constructing a COVID-19 respiratory vaccine, including the dosage form of the vaccines, potential excipients and mucosal adjuvants, and delivery systems and devices for respiratory vaccines. Finally, we present a comprehensive overview of the COVID-19 respiratory vaccines currently under clinical investigation. We hope this review can provide valuable insights and inspiration for the future development of respiratory vaccinations.
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Citation Excerpt :
The critical key points of each preparation technique e.g. manufacturing process variables and chemical composition determine the functional characteristics of nanoparticles such as antigen loading efficiency and capacity, antigen release pattern and model, safety, and clinical efficacy [70]. As result, the preparation technique and its critical variables must be optimized with respect to desired functional characteristics [103]. An ideal pulmonary nanoparticulate vaccine has an easy and simple scale-up process with acceptable reproducibility and cost-effective large-scale manufacturing.
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Citation Excerpt :
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Chapter Nineteen - Rationale for Pulmonary Vaccine Delivery: Formulation and Device Considerations

Abstract