Elsevier

Physics Letters B

Volume 255, Issue 3, 14 February 1991, Pages 393-397
Physics Letters B

Charged vortices and Q-balls in an abelian Higgs model exhibiting a first order phase transition

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Abstract

I show that both charged vortices and nontopological Q-ball solutions simultaneously exist at the first order transition point in a φ6-type abelian Higgs model with the Chern-Simons term. When the Chern-Simons mass is small I rigorously show that the charged vortex-vortex interaction is more repulsive than in the corresponding neutral case. In the special case when the gauge field kinetic energy is absent, I obtain an analytical expression for the magnetic moment on the n-vortex and provide an alternative derivation of the Bogomol'nyi-type first order equations.

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    The LV backgrounds arise as vacuum expectation values of tensor fields due to a spontaneous Lorentz-symmetry breaking occurring in a theory at very high energy scale [10,11]. The study of the Lorentz-violating effects on the formation of topological defects was firstly considered in the solitonic solutions generated by scalar fields in Refs. [12–15]. Topological defects arising in scenarios with spontaneous Lorentz-symmetry breaking triggered by tensor fields were reported in Ref. [16].

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