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Reconstruction of brain circuitry by neural transplants generated from pluripotent stem cells
2015, Neurobiology of DiseaseCitation Excerpt :In the adult rat hippocampus, denervated of its subcortical afferents by a lesion of the septum or the fimbria–fornix pathway, grafted fetal cholinergic, noradrenergic and serotonergic neurons were seen to reproduce innervation patterns in dentate gyrus and hippocampal subfields that mimicked closely those of the intrinsic afferents that had been removed by the fimbria–fornix lesion (Fig. 1G,H) (Bjorklund and Stenevi, 1977; Gibbs et al., 1986; Nilsson et al., 1988; Leanza et al., 1996). The graft-derived axons were shown to form functional synaptic contacts with host target neurons (Segal et al., 1985; Clarke et al., 1986), restore hippocampal acetylcholine levels and release (Nilsson et al., 1990), and ameliorate some aspects of lesion-induced deficits in hippocampus-dependent learning and memory, as observed both in rats (Dunnett et al., 1982, 1993; Gage et al., 1984; Gage and Bjorklund, 1986; Segal et al., 1987; Hodges et al., 1991) and monkeys (Ridley et al., 1992). The ingrowth of axons was blocked by the presence of an intact cholinergic innervation, and stimulated by removal of the intrinsic afferents, suggesting that axonal outgrowth from the grafted neurons was very precisely regulated by the re-innervated target (Bjorklund et al., 1979; (Lewis and Cotman, 1982).
Cellular, molecular, and genetic substrates underlying the impact of nicotine on learning
2014, Neurobiology of Learning and MemoryCitation Excerpt :Lesions to the forebrain cholinergic projection system produced impairments in spatial and working memory paradigms (Hodges, Allen, Kershaw, et al., 1991). Further, transplants of acetylcholine-rich brain tissue into the hippocampus of rats with forebrain cholinergic lesions ameliorated some of these deficits, indicating that acetylcholine in the hippocampus is critical to spatial and working memory task performance (Arendt et al., 1989; Hodges, Allen, Kershaw, et al., 1991). In another set of studies, cholinergic agonists and antagonists were evaluated for their effects on memory in rats with basal forebrain lesions.
The dynamics of neuronal activation during food anticipation and feeding in the brain of food-entrained rats
2008, Brain ResearchCitation Excerpt :The early expression of c-fos mRNA was seen in the anterior region of the intermediate part of the lateral septal nucleus, with the highest levels detected in the rod-shaped continuum of neurons formed the anterior hippocampal continuation and septohippocampal nucleus. Lesions of the AH/SHi region lead to cognitive dysfunctions and impairments in spatial and nonspatial associative learning (Decker et al., 1992; Dickinson-Anson et al., 1998; Hodges et al., 1991). The AH/SHi region receives inputs from the entorhinal cortex, olfactory bulb, and the anterior thalamic nuclei (Wyss and Sripanidkulchai, 1983) and integrates the sensory and movement-related signals (Henke, 1982; Mercer and Remley, 1979).
Effects of methanol extract of Uncariae Ramulus et Uncus on ibotenic acid-induced amnesia in the rat
2004, Journal of Pharmacological Sciences