Cerebrospinal fluid myelin basic protein as predictive marker of demyelination in AIDS dementia complex

doi:10.1016/0165-5728(92)90058-S

Journal of Neuroimmunology

Volume 36, Issues 2–3, February 1992, Pages 251-254

https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-5728(92)90058-S Get rights and content

Abstract

Myelin basic protein (MBP) was measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) dementia complex (ADC) in order to investigate the degree of white matter destruction. Results show that increased CSF levels of MBP were detected in all patients with severe ADC (10/10) and, less often, in subjects with mild (2/7) or moderate dementia (7/16). No evidence of MBP-elevated concentration was observed in 14 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive subjects without neurological disorders and in nine HIV-seronegative controls. Our findings suggest that the measurement of CSF MBP concentration may represent a predictive marker of myelin injury and neurologic damage during the course of ADC.

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HIV associated dementia (HAD) is the most advanced stage of central nervous system disease caused by HIV infection. Previous studies have demonstrated that patients with HAD exhibit greater cerebral and basal ganglia atrophy than non-demented HIV+ (HND) patients. However, the extent to which white matter is affected in HAD patients compared to HND patients remains elusive. This study is designed to address the potential white matter abnormalities through the utilization of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in both HND and HAD patients. DTI and T1-weighted images were acquired from 18 healthy controls, 21 HND and 8 HAD patients. T1 image-based registration was performed to 1) parcellate the whole brain white matter into major white matter regions, including frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital white matter, corpus callosum and internal capsule for statistical comparisons of the mean DTI values, and 2) warp all DTI parametric images towards the common template space for voxel-based analysis. The statistical comparisons were performed with four DTI parameters including fractional anisotropy (FA), mean (MD), axial (AD), and radial (RD) diffusivities. With Whitney U tests on the mean DTI values, both HND and HAD demonstrated significant differences from the healthy control in multiple white matter regions. In addition, HAD patients exhibited significantly elevated MD and RD in the parietal white matter when compared to HND patients. In the voxel-based analysis, widespread abnormal regions were identified for both HND and HAD patients, although a much larger abnormal volume was observed in HAD patients for all four DTI parameters. Furthermore, both region of interest (ROI) based and voxel-based analyses revealed that RD was affected to a much greater extent than AD by HIV infection, which may suggest that demyelination is the prominent disease progression in white matter.
Myelin basic protein in cerebrospinal fluid: a predictive marker of delayed encephalopathy from carbon monoxide poisoning
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Citation Excerpt :
We previously reported a case of CO poisoning in which the concentrations of MBP and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in CSF were serially determined in a 36-year-old woman with CO poisoning who later developed delayed sequelae. Myelin basic protein is known to reflect the degree of demyelination in the cerebral white matter [8]. On the other hand, NSE, a glycolytic enzyme, has been shown to reflect neuronal damage after head trauma [9], cerebral infarction [10], etc.
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Short communicationCerebrospinal fluid myelin basic protein as predictive marker of demyelination in AIDS dementia complex

Abstract

Human Pathol.

Lancet

Myelin basic protein and its antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, multiple sclerosis and other diseases

Prog. Clin. Biol. Res.

The management of the neurological complications of HIV infection and AIDS

AIDS

Myelin basic protein in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases

J. Neurol.

Cerebrospinal fluid β2 microglobulin in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus

Neurology

Cerebrospinal fluid neopterin in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection

Ann. Neurol.

A diagnostic index of active demyelination: myelin basic protein in cerebrospinal fluid

Ann. Neurol.

Myelin basic protein in cerebrospinal fluid from children

Eur. J. Pediatr.

Short communication
Cerebrospinal fluid myelin basic protein as predictive marker of demyelination in AIDS dementia complex

Cerebrospinal fluid β₂ microglobulin in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus