Influence of an alternative reinforcer on human cocaine self-administration
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Cited by (151)
Value, drug addiction and the brain
2021, Addictive BehaviorsCitation Excerpt :Varying perspectives on drug addiction in the brain exist, although many of them are based on aberrant reward processing (see Bechara et al., 2019 for a review of these theories). Current models of drug addiction postulate that early drug use is driven by the rewarding effects of drugs (positive reinforcement), before transitioning to automated secondary processes (Stewart, 1984; Higgins, Bickel & Hughes, 1994; Wise & Koob, 2014). For example, cue-reactivity theorists believe that Pavlovian automated-seeking behaviour can be triggered either by encounter with drug-related cues (Robinson & Berridge, 1993) or expectation of drug availability (Hardy et al., 2017).
Relative expected value of drugs versus competing rewards underpins vulnerability to and recovery from addiction
2020, Behavioural Brain ResearchCitation Excerpt :Choices may earn points for their respective rewards in a token economy, or pictures of the rewards (reviewed in Tables 1–3). Actual consumption of chosen rewards has sometimes been arranged, but individual differences analysis has not been undertaken in such studies, perhaps because of the complexity and low throughput of the method [26–32] but see [33]. Finally, animal concurrent choice procedures have also been used to study the neuropsychological basis of relative drug value [34].
Unpredictability as a modulator of drug self-administration: Relevance for substance-use disorders
2020, Behavioural ProcessesCitation Excerpt :Drug self-administration studies have established that environmental factors such as the cost or number of responses required to earn drug and nondrug reinforcers, the amount and frequency of reinforcement, and the delay to reinforcer delivery can alter drug-taking behavior in nonhumans (e.g., Anderson et al., 2002; Campbell and Carroll, 2000; Huskinson et al., 2015, 2016; Maguire et al., 2013; Nader and Woolverton, 1991, 1992; Negus, 2003; Pickens and Thompson, 1968; Woolverton and Anderson, 2006). Importantly, these environmental variables that alter drug self-administration in nonhumans generally translate well to human laboratory and clinical studies (e.g., Greenwald and Steinmiller, 2009; Higgins et al., 1994; Lile et al., 2016; Packer et al., 2012; Silverman et al., 1999; Stoops et al., 2012). Investigators are becoming increasingly aware that certain aspects of addiction or SUDs experienced by humans are not accurately captured in preclinical self-administration models in nonhuman subjects (e.g., Ahmed, 2010; Banks and Negus, 2012; Cadet, 2019; Smith, 2020; Vanderschuren and Ahmed, 2013).
A behavioral approach to the treatment of substance use disorders
2020, Functional Analysis in Clinical Treatment, Second Edition