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Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Kyphosis specific spinal appearance questionnaire in adolescents with moderate hyperkyphosis

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Abstract

Background

Hyperkyphosis cause poor posture, self-image, clinical or cosmetic deformity and well-being. Therefore, it is important to evaluate patients’ perception of appearance in the rehabilitation process of individuals with hyperkyphosis. Recently Kyphosis Specific Spinal Appearance Questionnaire (KSAQ) has been developed for the assessment of appearance in hyperkyphosis patients.

Objective

To test validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the KSAQ.

Methods

Sixty-two patients with hyperkyphosis (curve above 50º), ranging in age between 12 and 22 years, was included in this study. Turkish translation/back-translation of the KSAQ was done by an expert committee. Internal consistency was analyzed using Cronbach’s alpha. Validity was assessed by correlating the KSAQ with the Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22) Questionnaire. Its reliability was assessed using the test–retest method with two-week interval (Pearson’s correlation coefficient) on 44 of these patients.

Results

Mean kyphosis angle was 60º ± 8.9º. KSAQ total scores showed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.944) and test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.890). Moderate to strong associations were found between KSAQ total score, each item scores and self-image domain of SRS-22 (r −0.299 to −0.730, p < 0.05). KSAQ total score had moderate correlation with SRS-22 total score (r 0.423, p 0.001). Overall, the KSAQ scale showed good validity.

Conclusion

The Turkish version of the KSAQ is a reliable and valid patient reported outcome measure of kyphosis-specific aspects of appearance in patients with moderate hyperkyphosis.

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Acknowledgements

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey

    Gözde Yağcı

  2. Vocational School of Health Services, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey

    Elif Kırdı

  3. Faculty of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey

    Suat Erel

  4. Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey

    Taha Aksoy, Gökhan Demirkıran & Muharrem Yazıcı

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  1. Gözde Yağcı
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  2. Elif Kırdı
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  3. Suat Erel
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  4. Taha Aksoy
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  5. Gökhan Demirkıran
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Contributions

GY: Conceptualization of the work: supporting. Interpretation of data: supporting. Acquisition of data: supporting. Writing—original draft: lead. Final approval of the version: supporting. EK: Conceptualization of the work: supporting. Acquisition of data: leading. Drafting the work: supporting. Review & editing the work: supporting. Final approval of the version: supporting. SE: Conceptualization of the work: supporting. Interpretation of data: supporting. Review & editing the work: supporting. Final approval of the version: supporting. TA: Conceptualization of the work: supporting. Interpretation of data: supporting. Review & editing the work: supporting. Final approval of the version: supporting. GD: Design of the work: leading. Analysis of data: leading. Interpretation of data: leading. Review & editing the work: supporting. Final approval of the version: supporting. MY: Design of the work: leading. Interpretation of data: leading. Review & editing the work: supporting. Final approval of the version: supporting.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gözde Yağcı.

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The authors declare that they do not have any conflict of interest.

Informed consent

The study was approved by the University of Hacettepe Research Ethics Board. The patients were informed regarding evaluation methods; and thereby, signed informed consent forms were obtained.

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Yağcı, G., Kırdı, E., Erel, S. et al. Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Kyphosis specific spinal appearance questionnaire in adolescents with moderate hyperkyphosis. Spine Deform 11, 289–296 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43390-022-00584-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43390-022-00584-8

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