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Can We Capitalize on Central Nervous System Plasticity in Young Athletes to Inoculate Against Injury?

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Abstract

There are numerous physical, social, and psychological benefits of exercise, sport and play for youth athletes. However, dynamic activities come with a risk of injury that has yet to be abated, warranting novel therapeutics to promote injury-resistance and to keep an active lifestyle throughout the lifespan. The purpose of the present manuscript was to summarize the extant literature and potential connecting framework regarding youth brain development and neuroplasticity associated with musculoskeletal injury. This review provides the foundation for our proposed framework that utilizes the OPTIMAL (Optimizing Performance Through Intrinsic Motivation and Attention for Learning) theory of motor learning to elicit desirable biomechanical adaptations to support injury prevention (injury risk reduction), rehabilitation strategies, and exercise performance for youth physical activity and play across all facets of sport (Prevention Rehabilitation Exercise Play; PREP). We conclude that both young male and females are ripe for OPTIMAL PREP strategies that promote desirable movement mechanics by leveraging a unique time window for which their heightened state of central nervous system plasticity is capable of enhanced adaptation through novel therapeutic interventions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The SPORT Center, Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 10001, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA

    Jed A. Diekfuss, Scott Bonnette, Manish Anand & Gregory D. Myer

  2. Department of Health and Human Performance, The University of Tennessee Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, USA

    Jennifer A. Hogg & Gary B. Wilkerson

  3. Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA

    Dustin R. Grooms

  4. Division of Athletic Training, School of Applied Health Sciences and Wellness, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA

    Dustin R. Grooms

  5. Division of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation and Communication Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA

    Dustin R. Grooms

  6. Department of Kinesiology, The University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA

    Alexis B. Slutsky-Ganesh

  7. Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA

    Harjiv Singh

  8. Departments of Pediatrics and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA

    Gregory D. Myer

  9. The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Waltham, MA, USA

    Gregory D. Myer

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Diekfuss, J.A., Hogg, J.A., Grooms, D.R. et al. Can We Capitalize on Central Nervous System Plasticity in Young Athletes to Inoculate Against Injury?. J. of SCI. IN SPORT AND EXERCISE 2, 305–318 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42978-020-00080-3

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