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Polytypism of Cronstedtite From Nagybörzsöny, Hungary

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Jiří Hybler Open the ORCID record for Jiří Hybler [Opens in a new window] ,
Zdeněk Dolníček ,
Jiří Sejkora  and
Martin Števko
Jiří Hybler*
Affiliation:
Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, CZ-182 21, Praha 8, Czech Republic
Zdeněk Dolníček
Affiliation:
Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, National Museum, Cirkusová 1740, CZ-193 00, Praha 9, Czech Republic
Jiří Sejkora
Affiliation:
Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, National Museum, Cirkusová 1740, CZ-193 00, Praha 9, Czech Republic
Martin Števko
Affiliation:
Earth Science Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-840 05, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: hybler@fzu.cz
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Abstract

The present study provides an example of the accurate identification of polytypes of trioctahedral 1:1 layered silicates from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data collected with the aid of a four-circle diffractometer equipped with an area detector. Single crystals of the mineral cronstedtite from the Nagybörzsöny gold ore deposit, northern Hungary, were studied. The chemical composition of some crystals was determined by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). The precession-like images of the reciprocal space (RS) sections created by the diffractometer software and presented in the study were used to determine the OD (ordered-disordered) subfamilies (Bailey’s groups A, B, C, D) and particular polytypes. With one exception, all crystals studied belong to subfamily A. The rare polytype 1M, a = 5.51, b = 9.54, c = 7.33 Å, β = 104.5°, space group Cm is relatively abundant in this occurrence. Another polytype 3T, a = 5.51, c = 21.32 Å, space group P31 was also found. Both polytypes occur separately or in mixed, mostly 1M dominant crystals. Some 1M polytype crystals are twinned by order 3 reticular merohedry with a 120° rotation along the chex axis as the twin operation. A rare 1M+3T mixed crystal with 1M part twinned also contains a small amount of subfamily C. A possible presence of the most common 1T polytype of this subfamily cannot be confirmed because of overlap of the characteristic reflections with those of 3T. Several completely disordered crystals produced diffuse streaks instead of discrete characteristic reflections on the RS sections. The EPMA revealed Fe, Si, traces of Mg, Al, S, and Cl. One black crystal originally considered to be cronstedtite was identified as (111) twinned sphalerite. Some crystals of cronstedtite are covered partially by a honey-brown crust or small crystals of siderite.

Keywords

1:1 Layer silicate1M and 3T polytypesCronstedtitePolytypismSingle-crystal X-ray diffractionStacking disorderTwinning
Type
Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 68 , Issue 6 , December 2020 , pp. 632 - 645
Copyright
Copyright © Clay Minerals Society 2020

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