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Dark septate endophytic fungi mitigate the effects of salt stress on cowpea plants

  • Environmental Microbiology - Research Paper
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Abstract

The association of plant with microorganisms, such as dark septate endophytic fungi, has mitigated the harmful effects of chemical, physical, and biological agents on the host. The objective of this work was to evaluate the interaction of the dark septate endophytic fungi with cowpea plants under salt stress. Endophytic fungi were isolated from Vochysia divergens root system, and molecular identification of fungi was performed by sequencing the ITS region. We selected and identified Sordariomycetes sp1-B’2 and Melanconiella elegans-21W2 for their ability to infect V. divergens root in vitro with development of typical dark septate fungi structures. Cowpea plants—inoculated or not inoculated with Sordariomycetes sp1-B’2 and M. elegans 21W2—were cultivated in 5-L pots under greenhouse conditions and submitted to four different electrical conductivities of irrigation water (1.2, 2.2, 3.6, and 5.0 dS m−1). The salinity caused decrease in leaf concentration of K and increased leaf concentration of calcium, sodium, and chlorine; and no influence of dark septate endophytic fungi was observed in these responses. On the other hand, root colonization with Sordariomycetes sp1-B’2 and M. elegans 21W2 resulted in improved nutrition with N and P in cowpea under salt stress, favoring the growth and rate of liquid photosynthesis. However, such positive responses were evident only at moderate levels of salinity.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the following Brazilian institutions: ‘Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)’, ‘Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Salinidade (INCTSal)’, ‘Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Áreas Úmidas (INAU)’, and ‘Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Mato Grosso (FAPEMAT)’.

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  1. Laboratory Soil-Water-Plant Relations, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil

    Gabriel Castro Farias, Kenya Gonçalves Nunes, Antônia Leila Rocha Neves & Claudivan Feitosa de Lacerda

  2. Laboratory of Biotechnology and Microbial Ecology, Department of Botany and Ecology, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil

    Marcos Antônio Soares & Kátia Aparecida de Siqueira

  3. Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil

    William Cardoso Lima

  4. Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil

    Enéas Gomes Filho

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Farias, G.C., Nunes, K.G., Soares, M.A. et al. Dark septate endophytic fungi mitigate the effects of salt stress on cowpea plants. Braz J Microbiol 51, 243–253 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-019-00173-4

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