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Can Radioiodine Treatment for Hyperthyroidism Cause Endothelial Dysfunction?

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Abstract

It is not clear whether radioactive iodine (RAI), one of the treatment methods for hyperthyroidism, causes endothelial dysfunction and increases cardiovascular risk in these patients. We investigated the effect of RAI treatment on carotis endothelial functions both with carotis intima media thickness (CIMT) and soluble tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK). Twenty-one patients in each group who received radioactive iodine treatment and antithyroid drug were included. Thyroid function tests, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), C-reactive protein (CRP), sTWEAK levels, and carotis intima media thickness were measured at the beginning and on the 3rd month of treatment. Both groups were compared with baseline and 3rd month data. sTWEAK levels were higher in the RAI group at baseline and on the 3rd month than in the medical group (baseline sTWEAK 78.80 vs 49.90, p = 0.004; 3rd month sTWEAK 76.60 vs 40.63, p = 0.001). CRP level was higher in the RAI group on the 3rd month than in the medical group (2.70 vs 1.49, p = 0.024). There was an increase in measurements of CIMTright and CIMT left after treatment in both the RAI and medical treatment groups, but this reached statistical significance on the CIMTright for RAI (p = 0.03) and on the CIMTleft for medical treatment group (p < 0.01). Although even low doses of RAI treatment lead to endothelial dysfunction, we did not observe such a change in terms of CIMT and TWEAK levels in as little as 3 months.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Medicine Faculty, Amasya University, Amasya, Turkey

    Zeynep Cetin

  2. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Medicine Faculty, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey

    Asena Gokcay Canpolat & Mustafa Sahin

  3. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Ministry of Health, Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

    Arzu Kosem

  4. Department of Rheumatology, Izmir Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey

    Elif Ediboglu

Authors
  1. Zeynep Cetin
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  2. Asena Gokcay Canpolat
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  3. Arzu Kosem
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  4. Elif Ediboglu
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  5. Mustafa Sahin
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Contributions

ZC: conception, design, analysis, and writing. AGC: interpretation and revision. AK: anaylsis of data. EE: acquisition of data. MS: revision and final approval.

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Correspondence to Zeynep Cetin.

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The study was approved by the local institutional research ethics committee (Ankara University, 16–839-16) and certified that the study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki.

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Written consent for publication was taken from the participants.

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Cetin, Z., Canpolat, A.G., Kosem, A. et al. Can Radioiodine Treatment for Hyperthyroidism Cause Endothelial Dysfunction?. SN Compr. Clin. Med. 5, 128 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42399-023-01468-2

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