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Validation of Sentinel-1A and AW3D30 DSMs for the Metropolitan Area of Istanbul, Turkey

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Abstract

In space-borne remote sensing, one of the most significant tasks is the three-dimensional (3D) surface modelling performance of optical and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite missions. In this study, the quality of Sentinel-1A (S-1A) and Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) World 3D 30 m (AW3D30) Digital Surface Models (DSMs) was comprehensively analysed. In addition, 1 arcsec Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) C-band DSM was validated for better interpretation of the results. A project area including various land cover classes was selected in Istanbul, where a reference airborne laser scanning DSM is available. Optimal S-1A interferometric wide (IW) swath SAR pairs were determined and a 15 m gridded DSM was generated by interferometric processing. AW3D30 and SRTM DSMs were obtained from JAXA and NASA. In the analysis, the absolute and relative vertical accuracies of the DSMs were validated for all land cover classes with a model-to-model comparison to the reference. In addition, the influence of terrain tilt was investigated using a threshold terrain inclination of tan−1 0.1 (5.7°). Height differences from the reference were visualized by colour-coded height error maps. Vertical profiles and contour lines showed the morphologic character of the DSMs. The results demonstrated that the absolute vertical accuracies and morphologic details of AW3D30 are superior to those of S-1A and SRTM.

Zusammenfassung

Validierung eines Digitalen Oberflächenmodells von Sentinel-1A und AW3D30 für die Metropolregion Istanbul, Türkei Bei der weltraumgestützten Fernerkundung ist die dreidimensionale (3D) Oberflächenmodellierung aus Daten von Satellitenmissionen mit optischem Aufnahmesystem oder synthetischer Apertur (SAR) eine wichtige Aufgabe. In dieser Studie wurde die Qualität eines digitalen 3D-Oberflächenmodells (DOM) aus Daten des Sentinel-1A (S-1A) und das Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) World 3D 30 m (AW3D30) umfassend analysiert. Darüber hinaus wurde ein 1-Bogensekunden-Shuttle-Radar-Topography-Mission (SRTM) C-Band DSM zur besseren Interpretation der Ergebnisse herangezogen. Als Projektgebiet diente ein Ausschnitt Istanbuls mit verschiedenen Landbedeckungsklassen, in dem ein DOM aus Laserscannerdaten verfügbar war. Optimale S-1A Interferometric Wide (IW) Streifen-SAR-Paare wurden bestimmt, und ein 15 m Raster-DOM durch interferometrische Verarbeitung erzeugt. AW3D30- und SRTM-DOM wurden von der JAXA und der NASA bezogen. Die Analyse enthält eine Validierung der absoluten und relativen vertikalen Genauigkeiten der DOM für alle Landbedeckungsklassen, erstellt mit einem Modell-zu-Modell-Vergleich mit der Referenz. Zusätzlich wurde der Einfluss der Geländeneigung mit einem Schwellenwert von tan−1 0.1 (5.7°) untersucht. Höhenunterschiede zur Referenz wurden durch farbcodierte Höhenfehlerkarten visualisiert. Vertikale Profile und Konturlinien zeigten den morphologischen Charakter der DOM. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die absoluten vertikalen Genauigkeiten und morphologischen Details von AW3D30 denjenigen von S-1A und SRTM überlegen sind.

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Acknowledgements

Thanks are going to ESA, JAXA, and NASA for providing Sentinel-1, ALOS, and SRTM data for analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geomatics Engineering, Bulent Ecevit University, Incivez St., 67100, Zonguldak, Turkey

    Umut Gunes Sefercik & Can Atalay

  2. IMP-BIMTAS, Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality, Mesrutiyet St., 34430, Istanbul, Turkey

    Gurcan Buyuksalih

  3. Institute of Photogrammetry and Geoinformation, Leibniz University Hannover, Nienburger St., 30167, Hannover, Germany

    Karsten Jacobsen

Authors
  1. Umut Gunes Sefercik
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  2. Gurcan Buyuksalih
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  3. Can Atalay
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  4. Karsten Jacobsen
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Correspondence to Umut Gunes Sefercik.

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Sefercik, U.G., Buyuksalih, G., Atalay, C. et al. Validation of Sentinel-1A and AW3D30 DSMs for the Metropolitan Area of Istanbul, Turkey. PFG 86, 141–155 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41064-018-0054-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41064-018-0054-3

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