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Impact of Different Synthesis Methods on the Low-Temperature Deactivation of Cu/SAPO-34 for NH3-SCR Reaction

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Abstract

SAPO-34 were synthesized using three structure-directing agents (SDAs), i.e., tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH), triethylamine (TEA), and morpholine (MO). These SAPO-34 supports were used to prepare Cu/SAPO-34 catalysts via two different Cu-exchange methods: incipient wetness impregnation (IWI) and solid-state ion exchange (SSIE). The catalytic performance of Cu/SAPO-34(TEAOH, TEA, MO) catalysts prepared with IWI and SSIE before and after exposure to water vapor at 70 °C was systemically examined, and their deactivation behavior during low-temperature NH3-SCR reaction was studied. These catalysts were characterized by XRD, BET, ICP-SFMS, SEM/EDX, solid-state NMR, CO-DRIFTS, NO-DRIFTS, and H2-TPR. The various characterization findings for the Cu/SAPO-34 catalysts suggest that the distribution of different Cu2+ species and the mobility of Cu2+ in chabazite (CHA) structure are important for the low-temperature deactivation and regeneration behaviors of the Cu/SAPO-34(TEAOH, TEA, MO)-IWI and -SSIE during the NH3-SCR reaction. Thus, it has been determined that the choice of SDA and Cu-exchange method is vital to design of an efficient Cu/SAPO-34 catalyst that is highly active during a NH3-SCR reaction and has a high tolerance for the low-temperature deactivation caused by exposure to water vapor.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge the Chalmers Materials Analysis Laboratory, Chalmers University of Technology, for the use of the SEM instrument and for the support from staff. The Swedish NMR Centre is gratefully acknowledged for spectrometer time.

Funding

We gratefully acknowledge FCA USA LLC and the Swedish Research Council (642-2014-5733) for their funding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemical Engineering, Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden

    Jungwon Woo, Aiyong Wang, Diana Bernin & Louise Olsson

  2. FCA USA LLC, 800 Chrysler Drive, Auburn Hills, MI, 48326-2766, USA

    Homayoun Ahari, Mark Shost & Michael Zammit

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  1. Jungwon Woo
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Correspondence to Louise Olsson.

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Woo, J., Wang, A., Bernin, D. et al. Impact of Different Synthesis Methods on the Low-Temperature Deactivation of Cu/SAPO-34 for NH3-SCR Reaction. Emiss. Control Sci. Technol. 7, 198–209 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40825-020-00182-y

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