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A meta-analysis on CSF neurogranin levels for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment

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Abstract

Objective

Neurogranin is a postsynaptic protein involved in long-term potentiation and synaptic plasticity. Recent studies have shown increased neurogranin levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of Alzheimer’s disease patients, and in patients with mild cognitive impairment.

Method

We searched the online databases for studies on neurogranin cerebrospinal fluid levels in Alzheimer’s disease, mild cognitive impairment and other neurodegenerative disorders, and we did a meta-analysis to clarify whether this can be a reliable biomarker for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease, and the discrimination from other disorders.

Results

The present meta-analysis showed that neurogranin CSF levels are significantly higher in AD patients compared to NC [SMD: 268.26, 95% CI (143.47, 393.04), Z = 4.21, P = 0.0001], MCI [SMD: 23.45 (15.97, 30.92), Z = 6.15, P < 0.00001], FTD [SMD: 1.91 (0.92, 2.89), Z = 3.80, P < 0.0001], but no significant difference was found between AD and LBD [SMD: 138.51 (− 14.92, 291.95), Z = 1.77, P = 0.08]. Comparison of stable MCI and MCI that progressed to AD showed significantly higher levels in the CSF of MCI patients who progressed to AD, compared to stable MCI patients [SMD: 230.84 (12.54, 449.14), Z = 2.07, P = 0.04]. Neurogranin can also be a useful biomarker for the differentiation MCI and NC, but not between MCI and FTD or LBD.

Conclusion

Neurogranin could be added to the panel of existing biomarkers for a more accurate diagnosis and progress of AD and assessment of underlying pathological changes in the brain.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, UK

    Ioannis A. Mavroudis

  2. Medical School, Cyprus University, Nicosia, Cyprus

    Ioannis A. Mavroudis

  3. Third Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Foivos Petridis, Symela Chatzikonstantinou & Dimitrios Kazis

Authors
  1. Ioannis A. Mavroudis
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  2. Foivos Petridis
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  3. Symela Chatzikonstantinou
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  4. Dimitrios Kazis
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Correspondence to Ioannis A. Mavroudis.

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Mavroudis, I.A., Petridis, F., Chatzikonstantinou, S. et al. A meta-analysis on CSF neurogranin levels for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment. Aging Clin Exp Res 32, 1639–1646 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-019-01326-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-019-01326-z

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