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Delineating a New Class of Membrane-Bound Guanylate Cyclases

  • Narrative Student Review
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Springer Science Reviews

Abstract

Membrane-bound guanylate cyclases (GCs) possessing intrinsic GC activity constitute a family of catalytically active membrane-associated proteins that play crucial roles in a myriad of signal transduction processes. Currently known membrane-bound GCs are catalytically monofunctional with a domain architecture that consists of an extracellular ligand-binding domain and an intracellular portion that is composed of an inactive kinase homology domain and a functional GC catalytic center. A novel class of GC-linked receptor kinases was unearthed using homology-guided bioinformatic data mining tools designed from annotated amino acid residues in the GC catalytic centers of lower eukaryotes. The GC catalytic center in this new class of membrane-bound GCs is encapsulated within an active kinase domain, thereby conferring a dual catalytic function to this class of proteins. This is contrary to currently known classical membrane-bound GCs, which are monofunctional. There are currently four members of this novel class of membrane-bound GCs which have been demonstrated to possess intrinsic GC and kinase activity. Although there is a paucity of information as to how the dual catalysis in bifunctional membrane-bound GCs is physiologically regulated, their mechanism of action may be markedly distinct from that of classical membrane-bound GCs.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the Australian Research Council (ARC) for funding our research within this field. The Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences for providing funding in the form of a postgraduate scholarship.

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VM conceived the review and co-wrote the manuscript with HRI.

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  1. Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia

    Victor Muleya & Helen R. Irving

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  1. Victor Muleya
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Correspondence to Helen R. Irving.

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Muleya, V., Irving, H.R. Delineating a New Class of Membrane-Bound Guanylate Cyclases. Springer Science Reviews 4, 1–13 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40362-015-0037-3

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