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Synaptic Plasticity and Spike Synchronisation in Neuronal Networks

  • General and Applied Physics
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Abstract

Brain plasticity, also known as neuroplasticity, is a fundamental mechanism of neuronal adaptation in response to changes in the environment or due to brain injury. In this review, we show our results about the effects of synaptic plasticity on neuronal networks composed by Hodgkin-Huxley neurons. We show that the final topology of the evolved network depends crucially on the ratio between the strengths of the inhibitory and excitatory synapses. Excitation of the same order of inhibition revels an evolved network that presents the rich-club phenomenon, well known to exist in the brain. For initial networks with considerably larger inhibitory strengths, we observe the emergence of a complex evolved topology, where neurons sparsely connected to other neurons, also a typical topology of the brain. The presence of noise enhances the strength of both types of synapses, but if the initial network has synapses of both natures with similar strengths. Finally, we show how the synchronous behaviour of the evolved network will reflect its evolved topology.

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Notes

  1. The Brain is wider than the Sky,

    For, put them side by side,

    The one the other will include

    With ease, and you beside.

    Emily Dickinson, Complete Poems. 1924 (1830-1886).

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Acknowledgements

This work was possible by partial financial support from the following Brazilian government agencies: CNPq (154705/2016-0, 311467/2014-8), CAPES, Fundação Araucária, and São Paulo Research Foundation (processes FAPESP 2011/19296-1, 2015/07311-7, 2016/16148-5, 2016/23398-8, 2015/50122-0). Research supported by grant 2015/50122-0 São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) and DFG-IRTG 1740/2.

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Correspondence to Kelly C. Iarosz.

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Borges, R.R., Borges, F.S., Lameu, E.L. et al. Synaptic Plasticity and Spike Synchronisation in Neuronal Networks. Braz J Phys 47, 678–688 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13538-017-0529-5

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