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Prevalence of prediabetes and associated risk factors in a rural Nigerian community

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Abstract

There is very scanty population-based data on the prevalence of prediabetes, a forerunner to type 2 diabetes, in both rural and urban Nigeria. The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for prediabetes in a rural Nigerian population. A cross-sectional, village by village, clan-based stratified convenient sampling was done in Ihuokpara, a rural community in Nkanu East Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria. A total of 824 adult men and women participated. Questionnaires were used to obtain sociodemographic data, awareness of diabetes, and common symptoms including family history of diabetes. Fasting plasma glucose and 2-hour post 75g-glucose-load plasma glucose levels were measured after the subjects’ blood pressure and anthropometric indices were obtained. Fasting lipid profile was also assessed in a subset of the study population. Males constituted 34.7 % of the 824 participants. The mean age of the subjects was 51.1 ± 16.2 years. Prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) was 9.2 %, while that of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) was 15.8 %. The overall prevalence of prediabetes (both IGT and IFG) was 21.5 %. Hypertension was prevalent at 45.3 % and was the strongest predictor of prediabetes. Obesity was prevalent at 5.8 % and overweight at 16.7 %, while 15.7 % had central obesity. Prevalence of prediabetes was high in the community with hypertension emerging as the possible driving force.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank the members of the Medical Research and Humanitarian Society of the College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, who participated in this survey.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Author contributions

NCB, OEN, UCN, and YEE were involved in the concept, design, definition of intellectual content, literature search, data acquisition and analysis, manuscript preparation, editing, and review. OCI and OCE were involved in the concept and design, literature search, manuscript preparation, editing, and review. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku/Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria

    C. B. Nwatu, E. N. Ofoegbu, E. E. Young & C. I. Okafor

  2. Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Port-Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

    C. N. Unachukwu

  3. Department of Biological Science, Renaissance University, Ugbawka, Enugu State, Nigeria

    C. E. Okoli

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  1. C. B. Nwatu
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  2. E. N. Ofoegbu
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  3. C. N. Unachukwu
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  4. E. E. Young
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  5. C. I. Okafor
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  6. C. E. Okoli
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Correspondence to C. B. Nwatu.

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Nwatu, C.B., Ofoegbu, E.N., Unachukwu, C.N. et al. Prevalence of prediabetes and associated risk factors in a rural Nigerian community. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 36, 197–203 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-015-0401-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-015-0401-5

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