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Enhanced production of bacterial hydrolytic endoglucanase enzyme using waste leaves of water hyacinth and its thermal stability under the influence of TiO2 nanoparticles

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Abstract

Cellulases are the enzymes of broad industrial interests due to their versatile applications including biomass conversion processing. However, issues, e.g., high production cost of enzyme and lack of suitable bioprocess technology, are the main thirst of this area. Additionally, fungal strains are frequently reported for the cost-effective cellulase and its constituent enzyme production, whereas narrow data are present on bacterial cellulase production. In this study, enhanced endoglucanase (EG) production has been investigated using bacterial strain Bacillus subtilis PF_1. Herein, EG has been produced using waste leaves of water hyacinth (WH), employed as substrate following solid state fermentation (SSF). At an optimum concentration of WH substrate (5.0 g), Bacillus subtilis PF_1 could produce 17 IU/gds EG and 12 IU/gds FP activity in 30 h. Besides, the enzyme activity was further enhanced by changing the particles texture, and maximum 21 IU/gds EG activity was noticed at 30 h in case of rough surface (RS) of WH as compared to smooth surface (SS) which produced only 9 IU/gds. Further, the crude EG enzyme exhibited an optimum incubation temperature of 60 °C at pH 5.0 when it was treated with TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs). Moreover, the same enzyme has shown its half-life stability at 60 °C for 4.5 h in the presence TiO2 NPs and the optimum incubation pH 5.0. The present study may have potential applications for cellulase production using WH which is imperative for numerous industrial purposes such as paper/pulp industries, biopolishing, and biomass conversion processing.

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Acknowledgements

Author T. Singh thankfully acknowledges the Department of Biosciences, UC Campus IMS Ghaziabad, U.P., India. Author N.S. thankfully acknowledges the DST, New Delhi, India, for providing Woman Scientist-B Fellowship (DST-WOS-B/ER/2021) and Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, IIT (BHU) Varanasi.

Funding

This research has been funded by Scientific Research Deanship at the University of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia, through Project Number RG-20011.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, 2440, Saudi Arabia

    Mahvish Khan

  2. School of Biosciences, IMS Ghaziabad UC Campus, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201015, India

    Tripti Singh

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra Ranchi, Ranchi, 835215, Jharkhand, India

    Dan Bahadur Pal

  4. Department of Basic Dental and Medical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ha’il University, Ha’il, 2440, Saudi Arabia

    Saif Khan

  5. Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia

    Saheem Ahmad

  6. Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, 2440, Saudi Arabia

    Suresh Babu Jandrajupalli

  7. Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing & Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia

    Shafiul Haque

  8. Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludağ University, Görükle Campus, 16059, Nilüfer, Bursa, Turkey

    Shafiul Haque

  9. Department of Environmental Studies, Satyawati College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110052, India

    Rajeev Singh

  10. Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India

    Neha Srivastava

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  1. Mahvish Khan
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Correspondence to Neha Srivastava.

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Khan, M., Singh, T., Pal, D.B. et al. Enhanced production of bacterial hydrolytic endoglucanase enzyme using waste leaves of water hyacinth and its thermal stability under the influence of TiO2 nanoparticles. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 14, 2185–2191 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-02421-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-02421-4

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