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Valorization of sugarcane bagasse to high value-added xylooligosaccharides and evaluation of their prebiotic function in a synbiotic pomegranate juice

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Abstract

The purpose of the present study was the production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) from the sugarcane bagasse and evaluation of its prebiotic function in a synbiotic pomegranate juice. The XOS production was done in two steps: optimization of alkaline hydrogen peroxide extraction of xylan followed by the enzyme hydrolysis method by the response surface methodology based on the central composite design (CCD). The structural properties of the extracted xylan were also evaluated by HPLC and FT-IR analyses. The mixed xylooligosaccharides for protecting the prebiotic function of Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12 in a developed synbiotic pomegranate juice was evaluated. The optimized extraction conditions for xylan via the response surface methodology (RSM) were 5.63 % H2O2, 12.91 % NaOH, and 17.51 h and corresponding to relative yield of xylan at the tune of 95.84 %. The minimum concentration of xylose (3.034 mg/ml) and maximum yield of XOS (5.52 mg/ml) through RSM were achieved at the enzyme dose of 85 U/g, substrate concentration of 3%, and reaction time of 10 h. The generated XOS could increase the viability of the probiotics during 30 days of storage at 4 °C. The prebiotic production of XOS from xylan of bagasse via enzymatic hydrolysis is preferred for the pharmaceutical and food industry applications owing to food safety and consumer awareness. Enzymatic production of XOS could be a suitable solution for the protection of probiotic bacteria in the low acidic environment of pomegranate and other acidic juices or non-dairy synbiotic beverages.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Dr. Hamid Amiri from the Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Faride Hesam, Babak Ghiassi Tarzi & Masoud Honarvar

  2. Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran

    Mahshid Jahadi

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  1. Faride Hesam
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Correspondence to Masoud Honarvar.

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Highlights

• Extracting xylan from sugarcane bagasse by alkaline hydrogen peroxide method.

• XOS production from extracted xylan by enzymatic hydrolysis.

• Optimum conditions for extracting xylan (for industrial uses) and also prebiotic XOS.

• Utilizing the produced XOS mixture for the protection of probiotic bacteria in the low acidic environment of pomegranate juice.

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Statement of novelty

Our result highlighted the potency of valorization of the sugarcane bagasse which can be used to produce high value-added prebiotic xylooligosaccharides extensively in food and pharmaceutical industry. The yield of xylan from bagasse was high using the alkaline solution of hydrogen peroxide in the extraction process. Additionally, in the enzymatic hydrolysis step of xylan, use of commercial enzyme was more cost-effective and helped to reach a good XOS yield compared to the previous studies. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge in the literature, there is no data considering enzymatic production of XOS from xylan along with its application as a prebiotic agent for increasing the viability of probiotic cells in a stressful and inappropriate acidic condition of pomegranate juice.

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Hesam, F., Tarzi, B.G., Honarvar, M. et al. Valorization of sugarcane bagasse to high value-added xylooligosaccharides and evaluation of their prebiotic function in a synbiotic pomegranate juice. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 13, 787–799 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-020-01095-0

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