Abstract
We provide a very short proof of a Qi-Zhao-Guo closed form for derangements numbers based on the determinants of certain Hessenberg matrices. The proof is grounded on a basic result on finite sequences and an inductive argument.
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Fonseca, C.M.d. On a closed form for derangement numbers: an elementary proof. RACSAM 114, 146 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13398-020-00879-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13398-020-00879-3