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Comparative Sorption of Nickel from an Aqueous Solution Using Biochar Derived from Banana and Orange Peel Using a Batch System: Kinetic and Isotherm Models

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Abstract

Biochar pyrolyzed at 800 °C from banana (Bb) and orange peel (OPb) was applied in the sorption of nickel (Ni2+) using a batch system. OPb shows a higher affinity for Ni2+ than Bb. A rapid increase in sorption capacity and percentage removal was observed for both types of biochar with an equilibrium time of 30 min. The adsorption behavior was described using a pseudo-second-order model, indicating chemisorption as the rate-limiting step. A linear increase in the sorption capacity of 340 and 212 mg g−1 was observed for OPb and Bb, respectively, upon increasing the initial Ni2+ concentration (50–300 mg g−1) with a 40% decrease in removal efficiency. An increase in the sorption capacity of 78 and 88 mg g−1 for OPb and Bb, respectively, with a 15% increase in removal efficiency was observed for both absorbents upon increasing the solution pH from 2 to 8. OPb shows enhanced performance than Bb at all pH values, and an optimum pH of 8 was selected. An increase in the sorption capacity of ~ 120 mg g−1 was observed upon increasing the biochar dose (0.1–0.5 g), and the optimum dose was 0.7 g. The Langmuir isotherm model exhibits the best fit to the adsorption data (R2 = 0.99), whereas H–J isotherm (R2 < 0.70) displayed the least best fit. The effective sorption of Ni2+ demonstrates the potential of plant-based biochar as economically viable adsorbents.

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Acknowledgements

The project was financially supported by Vice Deanship of Research Chairs, King Saud University, Riyadh. Authors would also like to thank RSSU at King Saud University for their editing services.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Alamoudi Water Research Chair, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    M. T. Amin, A. A. Alazba & M. Shafiq

  2. Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan

    M. T. Amin

  3. Agricultural Engineering Department, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    A. A. Alazba

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Amin, M.T., Alazba, A.A. & Shafiq, M. Comparative Sorption of Nickel from an Aqueous Solution Using Biochar Derived from Banana and Orange Peel Using a Batch System: Kinetic and Isotherm Models. Arab J Sci Eng 44, 10105–10116 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-019-03907-6

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