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Finite Element Modeling of RC Beams Strengthened in Flexure Using FRP Material

  • Research Article - Civil Engineering
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Abstract

Finite element modeling has been performed using finite element code CASTEM to predict the flexural response of rectangular RC beams strengthened with externally bonded fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) materials by various techniques. Damage model for plain concrete, elastic perfectly plastic behavior for steel bars, elastic–plastic isotropic behavior for steel–concrete interface, linear elastic behavior for FRP materials and perfect bond for FRP-concrete interface were adopted for finite element modeling. In order to validate the finite element modeling approach, a comprehensive experimental program was designed and carried out to compare the experimental and the model results. RC beams were strengthened using CFRP and GRFP materials with various techniques and then tested in three point bending. Comparison of modeling and experimental results was carried out in terms of load–deflection response. The results of numerical simulation showed close agreement with the experimental observations. The ability of the finite element modeling technique adopted in this study to predict damage and cracking pattern is also highlighted in this paper.

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Abbreviations

CFRP:

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer

CMOD:

Crack Mouth Opening Displacement

FRP:

Fiber Reinforced Polymer

GFRP:

Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer

LVDT:

Linear Variable Displacement Transducer

RC:

Reinforced Concrete

A i :

Area of interface element

A s :

Area of steel bar

α :

Ratio of E of interface to E of steel

D t :

Tensile damage tensor

D c :

Compressive damage tensor

d :

Diameter of the steel reinforcing bars

E :

Modulus of elasticity

Gf t :

Fracture energy in tension

Gf c :

Fracture energy in compression

l :

Embedment length of steel bars

R t :

Tensile strength of concrete

R c :

Compressive strength of concrete

S 0 :

Stiffness matrix of the undamaged zone

\({\vec{\tilde{\sigma}}^{\rm h}}\) :

Stress in the undamaged part of the material

\({\vec{\tilde{\sigma}}^{\rm f}}\) :

Stress state in the tensile cracks

\({\vec{\tilde{\sigma}}^{\rm c}}\) :

Compressive part of the stress tensor

\({\vec{\sigma}}\) :

Apparent stress

\({\vec{\varepsilon}^{\rm f}}\) :

In-elastic strain

\({\vec{\varepsilon}}\) :

Total strain

\({\varepsilon_{\rm peak}^{\rm t}}\) :

Peak strain in tension

\({\varepsilon_{\rm peak}^{\rm c}}\) :

Peak strain in compression

τ:

Bond stress

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Civil Engineering Department, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

    Affifa Akram, Rashid Hameed, Zahid Ahmad Siddiqi, M. Rizwan Riaz & Muhammad Ilyas

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  1. Affifa Akram
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  2. Rashid Hameed
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  3. Zahid Ahmad Siddiqi
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  4. M. Rizwan Riaz
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  5. Muhammad Ilyas
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Correspondence to Rashid Hameed.

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Akram, A., Hameed, R., Siddiqi, Z.A. et al. Finite Element Modeling of RC Beams Strengthened in Flexure Using FRP Material. Arab J Sci Eng 39, 8573–8584 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-014-1476-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-014-1476-x

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