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Leishmania genomics: a brief account

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Abstract

Leishmaniasis, one of the neglected tropical diseases is serious health concern globally. The disease is caused by protozoan parasites belonging to genus Leishmania. The main forms of disease are Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL), Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis and Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL). VL or Kala-azar is the most severe form and 90% of global VL cases occur in India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sudan, Ethiopia and Brazil, while most cases (70–75%) of CL occur in Afghanistan, Brazil, Iran, Ethiopia, Costa Rica and Peru etc. They are spread by the bites of female sand flies of the genus Phlebotomus in the Old World and of the genus Lutzomyia in the New World. It is essential to determine whether genetic variability of the parasites is associated with the different clinical manifestations and drug resistance of Leishmania sp. Various molecular biological methods have been standardized to study the genomes of the parasites in order to understand the parasites better. Most updated high-throughput approaches are whole genome sequencing, comparative genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics. The present review gives an overview of the advancement in the field of the Leishmania genome analysis which would help workers in the field to understand the problem of emergence of drug resistance, current epidemiological status, host parasite interaction and designing the drugs.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of Department of Biotechnology (BCIL /NER-BPMC/2013) (DBT Twinning Program), New Delhi, India and University Grant Commission (UGC) (35/ 57/2009 (SR)), New Delhi, India to Madhumita Manna. For Network Project (Project NWP 0005) and J.C. Bose Fellowship (SB/S2/JCB-65/2014) to Syamal Roy and Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India (ACK.NO. 113193/2k12/1) for CSIR SRFship to Supriya Khanra. The authors are also thankful to the DPI, Higher Education Dept. Govt. of West Bengal, the Principal, Barasat Govt. College, Kolkata, India and the Director, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata for their help and support.

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  1. Supriya Khanra

    Present address: Crystallography and Molecular Biology Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Sector - 1, Block - AF, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India

  2. Syamal Roy

    Present address: Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Vivekananda Road, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, 736101, India

  3. Madhumita Manna

    Present address: Bidhannagar College, EB 2, Sector 1, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700064, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, Barasat Govt. College, 10, K.N.C Road, Kolkata, 700124, India

    Supriya Khanra, Nibedeeta Rani Sarraf, Sangita Lahiry & Madhumita Manna

  2. Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India

    Syamal Roy

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Khanra, S., Sarraf, N.R., Lahiry, S. et al. Leishmania genomics: a brief account. Nucleus 60, 227–235 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13237-017-0210-y

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