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Age-related changes in the gut microbiota and the core gut microbiome of healthy Thai humans

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Abstract

The gut microbial diversity of Thai people was investigated between two large cohorts, adult and elderly subjects, from the middle region of Thailand; the cohorts were divided into different age groups of healthy adult (73) and elderly subjects (47). The diversities of the groups were characterized using a pyrosequencing technique with primers targeting the V6–V8 region of the 16S rRNA gene, and a significant decrease in the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes ratio from 7.3 to 4.5 was observed with increased age. The microbiota of the adult and elderly groups had a significantly higher abundance of the phylum Actinobacteria, including the three species Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, and the phylum Bacteroidetes containing the four species Bacteroides uniformis, Bacteroides ovatus, Bacteroides caccae and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. Firmicutes showed no significant differences between the two groups. Eleven species belonging to Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were shared by at least 90% of all subjects and defined as core gut microbiota of healthy Thai, among which a high abundance of Escherichia coli was particularly characterized in Thai elderly individuals. Multiple linear regression analysis of age, gender, BMI and diet consumption frequency showed the correlation of age with Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium. Rice consumption frequency showed a significant positive correlation with Bacteroides, while no correlation was found for other factors. Taken together, in the gut of Thai adults, Bifidobacterium decreased and Bacteroides increased with age, while rice consumption increased the abundance of Bacteroides. These link of age and food, especially rice carbohydrate, to gut microbiota and health could be ultimately proposed as the Thai feature.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to express their thanks to all the volunteers who were willing to provide fecal samples for this research. This work was supported by the Royal Golden Jubilee PhD. Scholarship Grant (RGJ-PhD) of the Thailand Research Fund (TRF) and Kasetsart University (PHD/0318/2552), partially supported by the Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food, Institute for Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University Under the Higher Education Research Promotion and National Research University Project of Thailand, Office of the Higher Education Commission, Ministry of Education, Thailand (CASAF PD011), by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) No. 25304006 from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) (to Jiro Nakayama) and performed under the Core-to-Core Program, which was financially supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT), Vietnam Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), the National University of Laos, Beuth University of Applied Sciences and Brawijaya University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Specialized Research Unit: Probiotics and Prebiotics for Health, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Lat Yao Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand

    Orawan La-ongkham, Massalin Nakphaichit, Suttipun Keawsompong & Sunee Nitisinprasert

  2. Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food, KU Institute for Advanced Studies (CASAF, NRU-KU, Thailand), Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand

    Orawan La-ongkham & Sunee Nitisinprasert

  3. Institution of Food Research and Product Development, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand

    Orawan La-ongkham

  4. Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Cumpus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand

    Massalin Nakphaichit, Suttipun Keawsompong & Sunee Nitisinprasert

  5. Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

    Jiro Nakayama

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  1. Orawan La-ongkham
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  2. Massalin Nakphaichit
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Correspondence to Sunee Nitisinprasert.

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This study was approved by the Institute for the Development of Human Research Protection (IHRP) Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand with ethical approval number IHRP 311, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants.

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Accession numbers Sequences obtained in this present study have been deposited in the DDBJ Sequence Read Archive (DRA) (BioProject accession number PRJDB5860, PSUB007333 and DRA accession number DRA005889).

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La-ongkham, O., Nakphaichit, M., Nakayama, J. et al. Age-related changes in the gut microbiota and the core gut microbiome of healthy Thai humans. 3 Biotech 10, 276 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-020-02265-7

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