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HPV Vaccine Experiences and Preferences Among Young Adult Cancer Survivors and Caregivers of Childhood Cancer Survivors

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Abstract

Cancer survivors are at higher risk of developing HPV-associated cancers later in life, yet their HPV vaccination rates remain lower than the general population. Improving HPV vaccination uptake among survivors is essential to preventing second malignancies. We interviewed HPV vaccine eligible adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors (18–26 years) and caregivers of HPV vaccine eligible childhood cancer survivors approaching the AYA age range (9–17 years) about their HPV vaccine experiences and preferences as informed by the HPV Vaccination Roundtable Best Practices. Interviews (N = 20) were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using interpretive description. Of AYA survivors (n = 10), 50% had received at least one HPV vaccine dose. Of caregivers (n = 10), 30% reported their child had received at least one HPV vaccine dose. Three distinct categories emerged including (1) HPV vaccine knowledge, (2) HPV vaccination recommendation preferences, and (3) HPV vaccination reminder preferences. The first two categories were oncology focused. Participants lacked knowledge regarding HPV vaccine safety and applicability due to their complex cancer history. Most participants strongly preferred that their oncologist provide an HPV vaccine recommendation. The third category was mixed, with some participants preferring oncology-based HPV vaccine reminders while others preferred primary care-based reminders. Almost all participants preferred digital reminders (e.g., text messages). Our results suggest that oncologists play an essential role in recommending the HPV vaccine and providing information to assist survivors and caregivers with vaccine decision-making. Additionally, HPV vaccination uptake among pediatric and childhood and AYA survivors could be improved through the use of tailored, electronically delivered vaccine reminders.

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Acknowledgements

This study would not have been completed without the contributions from the survivors and caregivers. The authors appreciate recruitment support from the Huntsman-Intermountain Adolescent and Young Adult (HIAYA) Program patient navigators as well as content feedback from the HIAYA Patient and Family Advisory Board.

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Funding

The research reported in this publication was supported by the St. Baldrick’s Foundation, Huntsman Cancer Foundation, and the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health under award numbers P30CA042014 and R03CA216174 (Kirchhoff and Kepka, PIs). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA

    Austin R. Waters, Karely Mann, Perla L. Vaca Lopez, Deanna Kepka, Yelena P. Wu & Anne C. Kirchhoff

  2. College of Nursing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA

    Deanna Kepka

  3. Department of Dermatology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA

    Yelena P. Wu

  4. Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA

    Anne C. Kirchhoff

Authors
  1. Austin R. Waters
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  2. Karely Mann
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  3. Perla L. Vaca Lopez
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  4. Deanna Kepka
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  5. Yelena P. Wu
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  6. Anne C. Kirchhoff
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Austin R. Waters, Karely Mann, and Perla L. Vaca Lopez. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Austin R. Waters, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Austin R. Waters.

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Ethics Approval

All study materials and procedures were approved by the University of Utah IRB (IRB# 00113603).

Consent to Participate

Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to participation in the interview.

Consent for Publication

Not applicable—deidentified data.

Conflict of Interest

Deanna Kepka receives a portion of her salary from American Cancer Society, which receives funding from Merck, for the purpose of Mission: HPV Cancer Free Quality Improvement Initiative.

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Waters, A.R., Mann, K., Vaca Lopez, P.L. et al. HPV Vaccine Experiences and Preferences Among Young Adult Cancer Survivors and Caregivers of Childhood Cancer Survivors. J Canc Educ 37, 1519–1524 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-021-01992-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-021-01992-6

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