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Community-Based Participatory Development, Implementation, and Evaluation of a Cancer Screening Educational Intervention among American Indians in the Northern Plains

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Abstract

The study describes the creation and implementation of a culturally appropriate cancer education intervention, and assesses its efficacy among American Indians in a community with documented cancer-related disparities. Education workshops were developed and conducted on three western South Dakota reservations and in Rapid City by trained community representatives. Over 400 individuals participated in the 2-h workshops. Participants answered demographic questions, questions about previous cancer screening (to establish baseline screening rates), and completed a pre- and post-workshop quiz to assess learning. Participants demonstrated significant increases in cancer screening-related knowledge levels. Surveys reveal that participants found the information of high quality, great value and would recommend the program to friends. Pre-workshop data reveals cancer screening rates well below the national average. Workshop participants increased their knowledge about cancer etiology and screening. This intervention may represent an effective tool for increasing cancer screening utilization among American Indians.

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Acknowledgment

This research was supported in part by National Institutes of Health/NCI grant # 5U56CA99010 (to D.G.P.)

Conflicts of Interest

None of the authors have any conflicts of interest to report.

The opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Cancer Institute, the National Institutes of Health or Indian Health Services.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA

    Krishnan Subrahmanian

  2. Department of Radiation Oncology, John T. Vucurevich Cancer Care Institute, Rapid City Regional Hospital, Rapid City, SD, 57701, USA

    Daniel G. Petereit, Shalini Kanekar, Raylene Miner & Caroline Spotted Tail

  3. University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA

    Daniel G. Petereit & Sarah Esmond

  4. Native American Cancer Research Corporation (NACR), 3022 South Nova Road, Pine, CO, 80470-7830, USA

    Linda Burhansstipanov

  5. The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

    B. Ashleigh Guadagnolo

Authors
  1. Krishnan Subrahmanian
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  2. Daniel G. Petereit
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  3. Shalini Kanekar
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  4. Linda Burhansstipanov
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  5. Sarah Esmond
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  6. Raylene Miner
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  7. Caroline Spotted Tail
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  8. B. Ashleigh Guadagnolo
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Daniel G. Petereit.

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Appendices

Appendix A: Contents of Colorectal Cancer Workshop

  • What is the Intestinal Tract?

  • What is the Colon?

  • What is the Rectum?

  • Why are the Colon and Rectum Important?

  • Risk Factors Associated with Colon Cancer

  • Statistics about Cancer Incidence in Indian Country

  • Common Colorectal Risk Factors

  • Healthy Lifestyle and Protective Factors

  • Survival Rate Statistics

  • Screening Recommendations Specific to Colorectal Cancer

  • Screening Methods Specific to Colorectal cancer

  • A Presentation on Colonoscopy, Sigmoidoscopy and Removal of polyps

Appendix B: Contents of Breast Cancer Workshop

  • Breast Anatomy

  • Breast Cancer Incidence Rates

  • Breast Cancer Risks Factors

  • Breast Cancer Protective Factors

  • Common Symptoms for Breast Cancer

  • Screening for Breast Cancer

  • Self-Exam

  • Clinical Breast Exam

  • Mammogram

  • Mammogram Results

  • Concerns about Mammograms

  • Tips to Help you Prepare for Your Mammogram

Appendix C: Contents of Prostate Cancer Workshop

  • Anatomy of the Prostate Gland

  • What is the Prostate Gland

  • Prostate Cancer in Indian Country

  • Prostate Cancer Incidence Rates from 1999 to 2004

  • Prostate Cancer Mortality Rates

  • Prostate Cancer Risk Factors

  • Prostate Cancer Protective Factors

  • Screening for Prostate Cancer

  • Digital Rectal Exam

  • Prostate Specific Antigen Test

  • What is the Prostate Specific Antigen Test?

  • What Besides Prostate Cancer Can Cause High PSA Levels?

  • Where is Prostate Cancer Screening Available in the Northern Plains?

  • Where Can I get a PSA Blood Test?

  • Prostate Cancer Screening Results

  • Prostate Cancer Symptoms

Appendix D: Contents of Cervical Cancer Workshop

  • Anatomy of the Cervix

  • Female Reproductive System

  • Cervical Cancer in Indian Country

  • Cervical Cancer Incidence Rates 1999–2004

  • Cervical Cancer Mortality Rates

  • Cervical Cancer Risk Factors

  • How Can you Protect Yourself?

  • How Can I help Myself?

  • Symptoms or Signs Related to Cervical Cancer

  • Cervical Cancer Diagnosis in Indian Country

  • Who Needs to Get A Pap Test?

  • Screening for Cervical Cancer

  • Women Who Had a Hysterectomy

  • Pap Smear Results

  • Human Papillomavirus

  • What is HPV?

  • Genital Types of HPV

  • HPV and Cervical Cancer

  • How can People Prevent HPV-Related disease?

  • Learn More About HPV-Resources

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Subrahmanian, K., Petereit, D.G., Kanekar, S. et al. Community-Based Participatory Development, Implementation, and Evaluation of a Cancer Screening Educational Intervention among American Indians in the Northern Plains. J Canc Educ 26, 530–539 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-011-0211-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-011-0211-5

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