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Differential Flooding Impacts on Echinochloa caudata and Scirpus planiculmis: Implications for Weed Control in Wetlands

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Abstract

Scirpus planiculmis, a perennial herb typically grown from tubers in wetlands, is the main food species for migratory Siberian white crane (Grus leucogeranus) in Momoge National Nature Reserve (MNNR), northeastern China. However, Echinochloa caudata, an annual weed propagated only from seed, became the dominant species in the majority of the rewetted site in Momoge wetland, which decreased the habitat quality for Siberian white crane. Early flooding during the first few days of germination kills plant seedlings of many species and thus may consequently be used to effectively suppress undesired species. A pot experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different flooding depths on the regeneration of both E. caudata and S. planiculmis. Five water depths (−5, 0, 5, 10 and 20 cm water depth relative to sediment surface) and four flooding regimes (one, four, eight and 16 days after sowing (DAS)) were evaluated. The results showed that 0 cm water depth was most favorable for both the survival and growth of E. caudata seedlings. Water depths of 10 or 20 cm significantly reduced both the survival rates and biomass accumulation of E. caudata seedlings at one, four or eight DAS. Seedling height of E. caudata was not affected by water depths of 0–10 cm when flooded at one or four DAS and was increased by flooding (5–20 cm water depth) when the flooding was delayed to eight or 16 DAS. Flooding did not significantly affect the shoot number, plant height or dry biomass of S. planiculmis. Our results provide valuable information for the control of E. caudata using hydrology in wetlands dominated by S. planiculmis, and these strategies can be used to protect the habitat of the Siberian white crane.

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Acknowledgments

The authors appreciate Dr. Chunyue Liu for providing the study site diagram. The research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41301606, No. 41371193, No. 41371261, No. 41271107). National Program on Key Research and Development program of China (No. 2016YFC0500408).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology (IGA), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 4888 Shengbei Rd, Changchun, 130102, People’s Republic of China

    Bo Liu, Ming Jiang, Shouzheng Tong, Wenguang Zhang, Haitao Wu, Ying Liu & Xianguo Lu

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Bo Liu & Ying Liu

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  1. Bo Liu
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  2. Ming Jiang
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  3. Shouzheng Tong
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  4. Wenguang Zhang
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  5. Haitao Wu
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  6. Ying Liu
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  7. Xianguo Lu
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Correspondence to Xianguo Lu.

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Liu, B., Jiang, M., Tong, S. et al. Differential Flooding Impacts on Echinochloa caudata and Scirpus planiculmis: Implications for Weed Control in Wetlands. Wetlands 36, 979–984 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-016-0805-0

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