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Comment et pourquoi un parasite peut-il être « transformant » ? Apports d’agents de zoonoses exotiques, Theileria spp., à l’étude du cancer

What makes a parasite “transforming”? Insights into cancer from the agents of an exotic pathology, Theileria spp

  • Parasitologie / Parasitology
  • Published:
Bulletin de la Société de pathologie exotique

Résumé

Les Theileria sont des parasites eucaryotes intracellulaires des bovins, responsables de pertes économiques importantes dans les pays d’Afrique de l’Est, de la méditerranée et d’Asie mineure et centrale. Ces apicomplexes sont, à ce jour les seuls parasites intracellulaires eucaryotes connus qui transforment leur cellule hôte. Ils constituent à ce titre un modèle unique pour étudier les interactions hôtes parasites et leurs similitudes avec les mécanismes de cancérogénèse. Nous proposons ici un état des lieux de la transformation induite par Theileria et de ses similitudes avec la cancérogenèse et illustrons comment innovation génomique, changements épigénétiques et perturbation des voies de signalisation conduisent un parasite à transformer sa cellule hôte.

Abstract

Theileria are obligate eukaryotic intracellular parasites of cattle. The diseases they cause, Tropical theileriosis and East Coast Fever, cause huge economic loss in East African, Mediterranean and central and South-East Asian countries. These apicomplexan parasites are the only intracellular eukaryotic parasites known to transform their host cell and represent a unique model to study host-parasite interactions and mechanisms of cancer onset.Here, we review how Theileria parasites induce transformation of their leukocyte host cell and discuss similarities with tumorigenesis. We describe how genomic innovation, epigenetic changes and hijacking of signal transductions enable a eukaryotic parasite to transform its host cell.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sorbonne Paris Cité, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, UMR 7216 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, 75013, Paris, France

    K. M. Cheeseman & J. B. Weitzman

Authors
  1. K. M. Cheeseman
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  2. J. B. Weitzman
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Correspondence to J. B. Weitzman.

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Cheeseman, K.M., Weitzman, J.B. Comment et pourquoi un parasite peut-il être « transformant » ? Apports d’agents de zoonoses exotiques, Theileria spp., à l’étude du cancer. Bull. Soc. Pathol. Exot. 110, 55–60 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13149-017-0551-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13149-017-0551-4

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