Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Glycyrrhiza lepidota (Nutt.) Pursh - An American wild licorice

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The wild species are considered as primary and secondary genepools for the world’s most important food crops. Here, we sequenced the complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence of an American wild licorice, Glycyrrhiza lepidota for the first time to investigate their phylogenetic relationship among inverted-repeat-lacking clade (IRLC) legumes. The total length of the chloroplast genome is 127,939 bp, with 34.2% overall GC content. The chloroplast genome harbors 110 known genes, including 76 protein-coding genes, four ribosomal RNA genes, and 30 tRNA genes. Similar to other closely related plastomes, rpl22 and rps16 are absent. A total of 464 cp microsatellites (cpSSRs) were analyzed in the G. lepidota. The majority of the SSRs in this cp genome are penta-nucleotides (61.6%). Locally collinear blocks (LCBs) identified between the Glycyrrhiza glabra and G. lepidota cp genomes were showed that they were well conserved with respect to gene organization and order. Moreover, the phylogenetic analysis indicates that G. lepidota is closely related to its confamilial counterparts than to the other taxa of the IRLC legumes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Arif IA, Bakir MA, Khan HA, Al Farhan AH, Al Homaidan AA, Bahkali AH, Sadoon MA, Shobrak M. 2010. A brief review of molecular techniques to assess plant diversity. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 11: 2079–2096

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Ashurmetov OA. 1996. Selection of parental pairs for obtaining hybrids in the genera Glycyrrhiza L. and Meristotropis Fisch. et Mey. Genet. Res. Crop Evol. 43: 167–171

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ceresini PC, Silva CLSP, Missio RF, Souza EC, Fischer CN, et al. 2005 Satellypus: Analysis and database of microsatellites from ESTs of Eucalyptus. Gen. Mol. Biol. 28: 589–600

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Darling ACE, Mau B, Blattner FR, Perna NT. 2004. Mauve: Multiple alignment of conserved genomic sequence with rearrangements. Genome Res. 14: 1394–1403

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Foster S, Duke JA. 2000. A Field Guide to Medicinal Plants and Herbs of Eastern and Central North America, 2nd. In Peterson Field Guide, ed, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, pp 87–88

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayashi H, Miwa E, Inoue K. 2005. Phylogenetic relationship of Glycyrrhiza lepidota, American licorice, in genus Glycyrrhiza based on rbcL sequences and chemical constituents. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 28: 161–164

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heubl G. 2010. New aspects of DNA-based authentication of Chinese medicinal plants by molecular biological techniques. Planta Med. 76: 1963–1974

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Katoh K, Standley DM. 2016. A simple method to control over-alignment in the MAFFT multiple sequence alignment program. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) 32: 1933–1942

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim T-S, Lee J-R, Raveendar S, Lee G-A, Jeon Y-A, Lee H-S, Ma K-H, Lee S-Y, Chung J-W. 2016. Complete chloroplast genome sequence of Capsicum baccatum var. baccatum. Mol. Breed. 36: 110

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kondo K, Shiba M, Yamaji H, Morota T, Zhengmin C, Huixia P, Shoyama Y. 2007. Species identification of licorice using nrDNA and cpDNA genetic markers. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 30: 1497–1502

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Liao WC, Lin YH, Chang TM, Huang WY. 2012. Identification of two licorice species, Glycyrrhiza uralensis and Glycyrrhiza glabra, based on separation and identification of their bioactive components. Food Chem. 132: 2188–2193

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Montoro P, Maldini M, Russo M, Postorino S, Piacente S, Pizza C. 2011. Metabolic profiling of roots of liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) from different geographical areas by ESI/MS/MS and determination of major metabolites by LC-ESI/MS and LC-ESI/MS/MS. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 54: 535–544

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Olmstead RG, Palmer JD. 1994. Chloroplast DNA systematics - a review of methods and data-analysis. Am. J. Bot. 81: 1205–1224

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rizzato G, Scalabrin E, Radaelli M, Capodaglio G, Piccolo O. 2017. A new exploration of licorice metabolome. Food Chem. 221: 959–968

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sabir J, Schwarz E, Ellison N, Zhang J, Baeshen NA, Mutwakil M, Jansen R, Ruhlman T. 2014. Evolutionary and biotechnology implications of plastid genome variation in the inverted-repeat-lacking clade of legumes. Plant Biotech. J. 12: 743–754

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shim D, Raveendar S, Lee J-R, Lee G-A, Ro N-Y, Jeon Y-A, Cho G-T, Lee H-S, Ma K-H, Chung J-W. 2016. The complete chloroplast genome of Capsicum frutescens (Solanaceae). Appl. Plant Sci. 4(5): apps.1600002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steele PR, Pires JC. 2011. Biodiversity assessment: state-ofthe-art techniques in phylogenomics and species identification. Am. J. Bot. 98: 415–425

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tamura K, Stecher G, Peterson D, Filipski A, Kumar S. 2013. MEGA6: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0. Mol. Biol. Evol. 30: 2725–2729

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • ten Kate K, Laird SA. 1999. The commercial use of biodiversity: access to genetic resources and benefit-sharing. Earthscan

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Science, RDA, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea

    Sebastin Raveendar & Kyung Jun Lee

  2. Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea

    Yoon-Sup So

  3. Department of Crop Science and Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea

    Dong-Jin Lee

  4. Soil and Fertilizer Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju-gun, 55365, Republic of Korea

    Jwakyung Sung

  5. Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea

    Jong-Wook Chung

Authors
  1. Sebastin Raveendar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yoon-Sup So
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Kyung Jun Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Dong-Jin Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Jwakyung Sung
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Jong-Wook Chung
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Jwakyung Sung or Jong-Wook Chung.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Raveendar, S., So, YS., Lee, K.J. et al. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Glycyrrhiza lepidota (Nutt.) Pursh - An American wild licorice. J. Crop Sci. Biotechnol. 20, 295–303 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12892-017-0137-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12892-017-0137-0

Key words

Search

Navigation