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Simulating debris flow deposition using a two-dimensional finite model and Soil Conservation Service-curve number approach for Hanlin gully of southern Gansu (China)

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Abstract

Evaluating the flood discharge and deposition process of a debris flow is important for risk assessment, management, and design of possible supporting works for geo-hazard mitigation. The movement and deposition process of a typical debris flow gully in southern Gansu province, China, was simulated using the Soil Conservation Service-curve number (SCS-CN) approach and a two-dimensional finite model (FLO-2D PRO model) coupled with geographic information systems. Runoff volumes and depths were obtained by the use of the SCS-CN model using different precipitations and different intervals. The deposition, velocity, impact force, and influence zone of the debris flow were simulated with the FLO-2D PRO model based on the results of the SCS-CN method. Simulation results for a storm that occurred on 12 October 2010 suggest a maximum flow velocity of 23.1 m/s, a maximum deposition depth of 27.9 m, and a hazard zone of about 0.414 km2. These results were consistent with measured results from the documented debris flow. Verification demonstrated that model results could be used to help predict disaster-causing debris flows, thus helping to protect the lives, property, and economy of the local population.

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Acknowledgments

The paper was supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program (No. 2011BAK12B05). We wish to thank Academician Zuyu Chen and Prof. Xingmin Meng for their constructive suggestions to prepare the manuscript. We also thank Dr. Limin Tian, Shi Qi and Na Ning for the field works and laboratory analysis. We appreciate the contributions of three anonymous reviewers and Dr. Igwe Ogbonnaya, all of whom contributed to improve the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems (MOE), Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China

    Peng Zhang, Jinzhu Ma, Heping Shu, Tuo Han & Yali Zhang

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  1. Peng Zhang
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  2. Jinzhu Ma
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  3. Heping Shu
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  4. Tuo Han
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Correspondence to Jinzhu Ma.

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Zhang, P., Ma, J., Shu, H. et al. Simulating debris flow deposition using a two-dimensional finite model and Soil Conservation Service-curve number approach for Hanlin gully of southern Gansu (China). Environ Earth Sci 73, 6417–6426 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-014-3865-6

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