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Risk profile for gallstone disease in southern Indian population: Is there anything new?

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Abstract

Aim

There are reports of changes in demographic and morphological characteristics of gallstone (GS) disease in South Asian countries. The changes in dietary factors have not been previously reported. The aim of the study was to identify dietary factors and lifestyle patterns among southern Indian patients with GS disease.

Methodology

Seventy-one consecutive patients with GS disease were compared with age- and sex-matched controls. Baseline demographic characteristics, alcohol intake and smoking, and dietary details were noted and associations examined statistically.

Results

The demographic and lifestyle variables were similar in both groups. Family history of GS disease and diabetes mellitus was higher among cases (16.9 %; p = 0.01; odds ratio (OR) 2.02; 95 % CI 1.58 to 2.58 for both). Vegetables consumed ≥2 times per week (OR 0.09; 95 % CI 0.04 to 0.21), fruits (OR 0.45; 95 % CI 0.20 to 0.99), and sugar (OR 0.27; 95 % CI 0.07 to 0.95) consumed ≥3 times per week were negatively associated with GS. Tea and coffee were taken less frequently by cases (2.5 vs. 2.9 cups/day; ANOVA p < 0.01). Tamarind (OR 27.6; 95 % CI 9.5 to 84.4), spicy foods (OR 6.6; 95 % CI 2.8 to 16.3), and fried foods (OR 9.1; 95 % CI 2.8 to 33.2) when taken ≥4 times per week and cooking oil ≥300 mL per month (OR 62.0; p < 0.0000) increased the risk for GS.

Conclusions

Several dietary preferences were associated with GS disease in this southern Indian population.

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Conflict of interest

None for all of the authors.

Ethics statement

The responsible ethics committee (institutional review board) has given approval, and the reported investigations have been carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki as revised in 2000.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterology, Stanley Medical College Hospital, 29, Old Jail Road, Parrys, Chennai, 600 001, India

    Ramya Sivarajan

  2. Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Global Health City, 439, Cheran Nagar, Chennai, 600 100, India

    Alexander Palapatti Chandran, Vijaya Srinivasan, M. Srinivas & V. Jayanthi

Authors
  1. Alexander Palapatti Chandran
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  2. Ramya Sivarajan
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  3. Vijaya Srinivasan
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  4. M. Srinivas
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  5. V. Jayanthi
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Correspondence to V. Jayanthi.

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Chandran, A.P., Sivarajan, R., Srinivasan, V. et al. Risk profile for gallstone disease in southern Indian population: Is there anything new?. Indian J Gastroenterol 33, 254–257 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12664-014-0453-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12664-014-0453-3

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