Abstract
Oxidative stress has been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Curcumin (CUR), an antioxidant compound, can be a potent treatment for neurodegenerative diseases, such as MS. CUR has poor bioavailability; therefore, it is used in nanoforms to increase its bioavailability. In the present study, the effects of CUR and conjugated linoleic acid-CUR (Lino-CUR) on spatial memory and oxidative stress in a putative animal model of MS were investigated. Forty-nine adult male Wistar rats (250 ± 50 g) were randomly divided into seven groups (n = 7): control, sham, ethidium bromide (EB), CUR (20 and 40 μg/kg) + EB, and Lino-CUR (20 and 40 μg/kg) + EB groups. Following MS induction, the groups were treated for 5 consecutive days. Finally, spatial memory and levels of oxidative stress parameters were assessed. Treatment with CUR and Lino-CUR at two doses significantly improved spatial memory and reduced oxidative stress parameters in the experimental models of MS. Furthermore, the effects of high dose (40 μg/kg) of Lino-CUR were more remarkable. These findings suggest that the microinjection of CUR in its synthetic form Lino-CUR significantly ameliorated spatial memory, through the reduction of oxidative stress markers in the brain of studied animals as a rat model of MS.
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Abbreviations
- MS:
-
multiple sclerosis
- CUR:
-
curcumin
- Lino-CUR:
-
linoleic acid-CUR
- EB:
-
ethidium bromide
- CNS:
-
central nervous system
- CSF:
-
cerebrospinal fluid
- BBB:
-
blood-brain barrier
- PUFAs:
-
polyunsaturated fatty acids
- LPO:
-
lipid peroxidation
- PBS:
-
phosphate-buffered saline
- TCA:
-
trichloroacetic acid
- TBA:
-
thiobarbituric acid
- TAC:
-
total antioxidant activity
- DMSO:
-
dimethyl sulfoxide
- NMR:
-
nuclear magnetic resonance
- ICV:
-
intracerebroventricular
- i.p.:
-
intraperitoneal
- MWM:
-
Morris water maze
- FRAP:
-
ferric reducing antioxidant power
- TPTZ:
-
2, 4, 6-tripyridyl-s-triazine
- SOD:
-
superoxide dismutase
- CAT:
-
catalase
- TBARS:
-
thiobarbituric acid reactive substances
- MDA:
-
malondialdehyde
- PolyQ:
-
polyglutamine
- ERK:
-
extracellular signal-regulated kinase
- BDNF:
-
brain-derived neurotrophic factor
- GFAP:
-
glial fibrillary acidic protein
- PLGA:
-
poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
- Cur-NPs:
-
curcumin nanoparticles
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The authors would like to express their gratitude to the staff of the University of Tabriz for helping us to carry out this project.
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Barzegarzadeh, B., Hatami, H., Dehghan, G. et al. Conjugated Linoleic Acid-Curcumin Attenuates Cognitive Deficits and Oxidative Stress Parameters in the Ethidium Bromide–Induced Model of Demyelination. Neurotox Res 39, 815–825 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-020-00310-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-020-00310-0