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Evaluation of Delta-Aminolevulinic Dehydratase Activity, Oxidative Stress Biomarkers, and Vitamin D Levels in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

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Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune neurological disorder of unknown etiology. Oxidative stress and alterations in vitamin D levels have been implicated in the pathophysiology of MS. The aim of this study was to investigate δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) activity as well as the levels of vitamin D, lipid peroxidation levels, carbonyl protein content, DNA damage, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, and the vitamin C, vitamin E, and non-protein thiol (NPSH) content in samples from patients with the relapsing-remitting form of MS (RRMS). The study population consisted of 29 RRMS patients and 29 healthy subjects. Twelve milliliters of blood was obtained from each individual and used for biochemical determinations. The results showed that δ-ALA-D and CAT activities were significantly increased, while SOD activity was decreased in the whole blood of RRMS patients compared to the control group (P < 0.05). In addition, we observed a significant increase in lipid peroxidation, carbonyl protein levels in serum and damaged DNA in leucocytes in RRMS patients compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Nonetheless, the levels of vitamin C, vitamin E, NPSH, and vitamin D were significantly decreased in RRMS patients in relation to the healthy individuals (P < 0.05). In conclusion, our results suggested that the increase in δ-ALA-D activity may be related to the inflammatory and immune process in MS in an attempt to maintain the cellular metabolism and reduce oxidative stress. Moreover, the alterations in the oxidant/antioxidant balance and lower vitamin D levels may contribute to the pathophysiology of MS.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank the neurologist Juarez Lopes and the MS patients and healthy subjects that contributed to the realization of this study. We also thank the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS), FAPERGS/PPSUS 1279-2551/13-7, Fundação Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Instituto Brasileiro de Neurociência (IBN-Net), INCT for Excitotoxicity and Neuroprotection, and the Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil

    Carla Roberta Nunes Polachini, Daniela Zanini, Jucimara Baldissarelli, Luciane Belmonte Pereira, Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger, Ivana Beatrice Mânica da Cruz & Vera Maria Morsch

  2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário, Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil

    Roselia Maria Spanevello

  3. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil

    Ivana Beatrice Mânica da Cruz

  4. Laboratório de Biogenômica, Departamento de Morfologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil

    Ivana Beatrice Mânica da Cruz & Charles Elias Assmann

  5. Curso de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Campus Chapecó, Santa Catarina, SC, Brazil

    Margarete Dulce Bagatini

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  1. Carla Roberta Nunes Polachini
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  2. Roselia Maria Spanevello
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  3. Daniela Zanini
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  4. Jucimara Baldissarelli
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  5. Luciane Belmonte Pereira
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  8. Charles Elias Assmann
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  9. Margarete Dulce Bagatini
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  10. Vera Maria Morsch
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Correspondence to Carla Roberta Nunes Polachini or Vera Maria Morsch.

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This work is original and is not under consideration by another journal. All of the patients provided written consent, and the work was approved by the Human Ethical Committee from the Federal University of Santa Maria Hospital. Finally, this manuscript has been approved by all of the authors, and none of the authors have a conflict of interest.

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Polachini, C.R.N., Spanevello, R.M., Zanini, D. et al. Evaluation of Delta-Aminolevulinic Dehydratase Activity, Oxidative Stress Biomarkers, and Vitamin D Levels in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Neurotox Res 29, 230–242 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-015-9584-2

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