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Coastal erosion problem, modelling and protection

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Abstract

Göksu Delta, located in the south of Silifke County of Mersin on the coastal plain formed by Göksu River, is one of the Specially Protected Areas in Turkey. Along the coastal area of the Delta, coastline changes at significant rates are observed, concentrating especially at four regions; headland of İncekum, coast of Paradeniz Lagoon, river mouth of Göksu and coast of Altınkum. The coast of Paradeniz Lagoon is suffering significantly from erosion and the consequent coastal retreating problem. Therefore, the narrow barrier beach which separates Paradeniz Lagoon from the Mediterranean Sea is getting narrower, creating a risk of uniting with the sea, thus causing the disappearance of the Lagoon. The aim of this study was to understand the coastal transport processes along the coastal area of Göksu Delta to determine the coastal sediment transport rates, and accordingly, to propose solutions to prevent the loss of coastal lands in the Delta. To this end, field measurements of currents and sediment grain sizes were carried out, and wind climate, wave climate, circulation patterns and longshore sediment transport rates were numerically modeled by HYDROTAM-3D, which is a three dimensional hydrodynamic transport model. Finally, considering its special importance as an environmentally protected region, some coastal structures of gabions were proposed as solutions against the coastal erosion problems of the Delta. The effects of proposed structures on future coastline changes were also modeled, and the coastlines predicted for the year 2017 are presented and discussed in the paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sea and Aquatic Sciences Application and Research Center, Gazi University, Ankara, 06570, Turkey

    Nihal Yılmaz, Lale Balas & Asu İnan

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  1. Nihal Yılmaz
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  2. Lale Balas
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  3. Asu İnan
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Correspondence to Lale Balas.

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Yılmaz, N., Balas, L. & İnan, A. Coastal erosion problem, modelling and protection. Ocean Sci. J. 50, 589–601 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12601-015-0054-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12601-015-0054-9

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